Enhancing Deaf Healthcare Access and Outcomes through Inclusive Health Research

This research project aims to address the significant health disparities faced by the over 40,000 Deaf Malaysians, who use Malaysian Sign Language (BIM). Currently, there is a lack of accessible health information and services tailored to the Deaf population, leading to delayed diagnoses and increased health risks. The project builds on the success of the DITE (Deaf In Touch Everywhere) app developed by a team from Monash University in Malaysia (MUM), in collaboration with the Deaf community and sign language interpreters, to pilot test a remote interpreting app for health care. This project will assess Deaf health in Malaysia, develop the improved DITE-2 virtual service, and evaluate its impact on Deaf health care. Phase 1 collects data on the physical health status, quality of life, health behaviour, health literacy, and healthcare experience ofDeaf individuals. The goal is to understand the current state of Deaf health in Malaysia and identify factors that facilitate or hinder their access to healthcare. This phase will establish the first-ever baseline data on Deaf health in Malaysia, guiding targeted priorities for DITE-2's educational and resource development in the subsequent phase. In Phase 2, the research team will work closely with the Deaf community, Malaysian Sign Language interpreters, and healthcare practitioners to co-design and develop DITE-2. In addition to a remote interpreting facility, it includes creating a Malaysian Sign Language Medical SignBank and Deaf-accessible health resources. The focus is on overcoming barriers to optimal use and improving its effectiveness and relevance in real-world clinical settings. Phase 3, provides a preliminary impact evaluation on healthcare practices with and outcomes for Deaf people in Malaysia. This includes assessing the user experience for all stakeholders and understanding the impact on health encounters. Phase 3 culminates in an evaluation of the feasibility of a full scale RCT to test DITE-2 in practice against primary health outcome measures and assessment of applicability in partner countries Indonesia and the Philippines.
The project aims to provide evidence-based insights for policymaking, workforce strategies, and targeted health programs for Deaf people in Malaysia. Key outcomes include a tailored healthcare app, a Medical SignBank, and professional development courses for healthcare providers and interpreters. The project's participatory approach involves collaboration with the Deaf community, sign language interpreters, and healthcare professionals throughout the research phases. This initiative is crucial for addressing the lack of accessible health services for Deaf individuals in Malaysia, contributing to social inclusion and empowerment. The ultimate goal is to improve health outcomes, reduce health disparities, and create sustainable resources that continue to benefit the Deaf community beyond the project's duration. The project aligns with broader efforts to leverage technology for better healthcare delivery and productivity, addressing developmental challenges related to social inclusion and well-being.