Visualizing Amyloid Assembly at the Nanoscale: Insights from Super-Resolution Imaging

In the rapidly evolving landscape of molecular imaging, super-resolution techniques emerge as indispensable tools, revolutionizing our capacity to decipher the intricacies of protein aggregation, and paving the way for molecular-level understanding of the progression of neurodegenerative disorders. In this review article we provide an overview of the diverse super-resolution imaging techniques applied to study amyloids at high resolution. We outline the strengths and limitations of each technique, offering insights into their applicability to different amyloid systems. We next delve into the diverse strategies employed for labeling amyloids in conjunction with super-resolution imaging. From small organic dyes to fluorescent proteins and advanced chemical probes, the discussion encompasses the strengths and considerations associated with each labeling method. The comparative analysis not only evaluates the impact of labeling on resolution and specificity but also highlights emerging trends and future directions in the field.