Abstract
Capturing evolution of density or void ratio during the compaction of geomaterials (soils and unbound granular materials) is essential for improved performance. This study developed a framework where the density evolution during compaction can be estimated using advanced instrumentation. The framework’s suitability was validated using a simulated large-scale soil box (dimensions: 7.5m×4m×0.8m ) experiment mimicking the field conditions. Well-graded sand was compacted in 5 layers of 125 mm using a 1.5-tonne mini roller instrumented with Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) systems and a total station tracking system for positioning. The sand’s moisture content was homogenised at 8% (w/w) using a concrete truck. The in-situ sampling for measuring density was carried out using Nuclear Density Gauge (NDG) and sand cone test. The data from sensors were collected using a Data Acquisition (DAQ) system connected to a laptop. The measurement of the deformation in real-time provided an opportunity to estimate the density in real-time, and it was estimated using a machine-learning artificial neural network (ANN) model. The estimated density from deformation measured and NDG at the end of compaction shows that estimated density NDG density with an R = 0.9 for one layer, and for other layers, R was more than 0.8. This novel instrumentation allows the density to be measured during compaction with very high accuracy, which has a massive advantage over conventional approaches and contribute to the true Intelligent Compaction (IC) with an advancement of automation in construction.
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Trends on Construction in the Digital Era - Proceedings of ISIC 2022 |
Editors | António Gomes Correia, Miguel Azenha, Paulo J.S. Cruz, Paulo Novais, Paulo Pereira |
Publisher | Springer |
Pages | 538-546 |
Number of pages | 9 |
ISBN (Print) | 9783031202407 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2023 |
Event | International Conference of International Society for Intelligent Construction 2022 - Guimarães, Portugal Duration: 6 Sept 2022 → 9 Sept 2022 Conference number: 3rd https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-20241-4 (Proceedings) |
Publication series
Name | Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering |
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Volume | 306 LNCE |
ISSN (Print) | 2366-2557 |
ISSN (Electronic) | 2366-2565 |
Conference
Conference | International Conference of International Society for Intelligent Construction 2022 |
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Abbreviated title | ISIC 2022 |
Country/Territory | Portugal |
City | Guimarães |
Period | 6/09/22 → 9/09/22 |
Internet address |
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Keywords
- Compaction
- Density
- Intelligent compaction
- Light detection and ranging
- Nuclear density gauge