Uptake, translocation, and transmission of carbon nanomaterials in rice plants

The first evidence on the uptake, accumulation, and generational transmission of natural organic matter (NOM)-suspended carbon nanoparticles in rice plants, was provided. Newly harvested rice seeds were incubated in Petri dishes that contained 15 mL of different concentrations of C₇₀-NOM and MWNT-NOM in rice generated buffer. Results show black aggregates in the seeds and roots, which is less frequent in stems and leaves, indicating that the sequence of nanoparticles uptake is results from seeds and roots to the stems and leaves. C₇₀ is found to be present in or near the stems vascular systems and less in the leaves seeds due to the multiplied uptake rates. Two sets of rice seeds germinated show that the seeds start germination to first produce shoots and then stems, while after 3 weeks, the seeds are no longer able to provide sufficient nutrients for the newly germinated plants, detached from the seedlings.