@article{d0604b1c236f49139b3b05bf6973b01e,
title = "Upstream effects of female political reservations",
abstract = "As a result of a constitutional amendment enacted in 1993, all levels of local government in India were required to reserve at least 33% of seats for women, without any corresponding reservations for women at the state or national level. We examine the upstream effects of this downstream quota on female political participation at the state and national level. Our results show that the introduction of the quota had significant positive impacts on the political participation of women both at the national and the state level, though the patterns of effects are quite different. Our results indicate that different mechanisms are driving more women running for office at the national and state levels.",
keywords = "Affirmative action, Gender, India, Political engagement",
author = "Pushkar Maitra and Daniel Rosenblum",
note = "Funding Information: We thank three anonymous referees, the editor, Umaar Khalil, Shanthi Manian, Ankita Mishra, seminar and conference participants at the Indian School of Business, Monash-IIT (Kanpur) workshop on Discrimination and Affirmative Action. the Annual Growth Conference at the Indian Statistical Institute (Kolkata), the Midwest International Economic Development Conference, the Canadian Economics Association Annual Conference, the Monash-CDES Development Economics workshop at Prato and the Australian Gender Economics Workshop for their comments and suggestions. We thank Lei Pan and Chau Tran for excellent research assistance. Funding provided by the Department of Economics at Monash University, Australia as a part of the Departmental Research Grant Scheme. Funding Information: We thank three anonymous referees, the editor, Umaar Khalil, Shanthi Manian, Ankita Mishra, seminar and conference participants at the Indian School of Business, Monash-IIT (Kanpur) workshop on Discrimination and Affirmative Action. the Annual Growth Conference at the Indian Statistical Institute (Kolkata), the Midwest International Economic Development Conference, the Canadian Economics Association Annual Conference, the Monash-CDES Development Economics workshop at Prato and the Australian Gender Economics Workshop for their comments and suggestions. We thank Lei Pan and Chau Tran for excellent research assistance. Funding provided by the Department of Economics at Monash University, Australia as a part of the Departmental Research Grant Scheme. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier B.V. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "2022",
month = jan,
doi = "10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2021.102061",
language = "English",
volume = "71",
journal = "European Journal of Political Economy",
issn = "0176-2680",
publisher = "Elsevier",
}
