TY - JOUR
T1 - Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis
T2 - Current Knowledge and Future Directions
AU - Yuen, Hiu Lam Agnes
AU - Tran, Huyen
AU - Chunilal, Sanjeev
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by an Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) Scholarship.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. All rights reserved.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/5/10
Y1 - 2021/5/10
N2 - Upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) has been increasing in incidence due to the escalating use of central venous catheters such as peripherally inserted central catheters. UEDVT can be primary idiopathic or secondary to pacemaker leads, intravascular catheters or cancer. In comparison to conventional venous thromboembolism such as lower limb deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism the risk factors, investigations, and management are not well defined. We review current evidence in primary and secondary UEDVT, highlighting areas in need of further research. We also explore the entity of venous thoracic outlet syndrome, which is said to be a risk factor for recurrent primary UEDVT and is the rationale behind surgical interventions.
AB - Upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) has been increasing in incidence due to the escalating use of central venous catheters such as peripherally inserted central catheters. UEDVT can be primary idiopathic or secondary to pacemaker leads, intravascular catheters or cancer. In comparison to conventional venous thromboembolism such as lower limb deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism the risk factors, investigations, and management are not well defined. We review current evidence in primary and secondary UEDVT, highlighting areas in need of further research. We also explore the entity of venous thoracic outlet syndrome, which is said to be a risk factor for recurrent primary UEDVT and is the rationale behind surgical interventions.
KW - axillosubclavian vein
KW - central venous catheter
KW - deep vein thrombosis
KW - upper extremity deep vein thrombosis
KW - venous thoracic outlet syndrome
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85106166714&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1055/s-0041-1725116
DO - 10.1055/s-0041-1725116
M3 - Article
C2 - 33971684
AN - SCOPUS:85106166714
SN - 0094-6176
VL - 47
SP - 677
EP - 691
JO - Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
JF - Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
IS - 6
ER -