Two level half factorial design for the extraction of phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidants recovery from palm kernel by-product

Wah Heng Wong; Wei Xiong Lee; Nagasundara Ramanan Ramakrishnan; Lee Hong Tee; Kin Weng Kong; Charis M Galanakis; Jian Sun; Krishna Murthy Nagendra Prasad

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.09.049

Two level half factorial design for the extraction of phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidants recovery from palm kernel by-product

Wah Heng Wong, Wei Xiong Lee, Nagasundara Ramanan Ramakrishnan, Lee Hong Tee, Kin Weng Kong, Charis M Galanakis, Jian Sun, Krishna Murthy Nagendra Prasad

Malaysia School of Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer-review

114 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Every year palm oil industry in Malaysia produces enormous quantity of by-products and has great potential to be reutilized as good source of antioxidants. In this study, a two level half factorial design was employed to recover phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidants from palm kernel by-product. The assay included the following independent factors: pH (2-6), ethanol concentration (20-80 ), liquid to solid ratio (10-100. mL/g), temperature (30-80. ?C) and time (30-300. min). Half factorial design was employed to determine the significant contribution of the above factors towards antioxidant capacity (total antioxidant activity, DPPH and FRAP), total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Among, all the factors examined, ethanol concentration and liquid to solid ratio are very significant (p

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	238 - 248
Number of pages	11
Journal	Industrial Crops and Products
Volume	63
Issue number	January 2015
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.09.049
Publication status	Published - 2015

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10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.09.049

Cite this

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title = "Two level half factorial design for the extraction of phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidants recovery from palm kernel by-product",

abstract = "Every year palm oil industry in Malaysia produces enormous quantity of by-products and has great potential to be reutilized as good source of antioxidants. In this study, a two level half factorial design was employed to recover phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidants from palm kernel by-product. The assay included the following independent factors: pH (2-6), ethanol concentration (20-80 ), liquid to solid ratio (10-100. mL/g), temperature (30-80. ?C) and time (30-300. min). Half factorial design was employed to determine the significant contribution of the above factors towards antioxidant capacity (total antioxidant activity, DPPH and FRAP), total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Among, all the factors examined, ethanol concentration and liquid to solid ratio are very significant (p",

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AU - Wong, Wah Heng

AU - Lee, Wei Xiong

AU - Ramakrishnan, Nagasundara Ramanan

AU - Tee, Lee Hong

AU - Kong, Kin Weng

AU - Galanakis, Charis M

AU - Sun, Jian

AU - Prasad, Krishna Murthy Nagendra

PY - 2015

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DO - 10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.09.049

M3 - Article

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JO - Industrial Crops and Products

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