Transactive energy framework for optimal energy management of multi-carrier energy hubs under local electrical, thermal, and cooling market constraints

The interactions among the multi-carrier energy systems provide the opportunity to achieve affordable and clean energy by using energy resources in a more efficient way. In this paper, a transactive energy (TE) framework for optimal energy management of multiple energy hubs (EHs) is proposed. Each EH is a multi-carrier energy system performing day-ahead energy management to schedule its electrical, thermal, and cooling demand profiles and manages its internal energy resources to reduce total energy expenses and the emission level of CO₂. In the first step, each EH indicates the expected surplus/deficit electrical, thermal, and cooling energies, which need to be traded with either district or local markets. Then, in the next step, EHs participate in different markets to trade various forms of energy with each other and to improve their energy efficiency. In the local markets, EHs participate in the peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading by offering their energy surplus/deficit to other EHs. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed framework reduces the reliance of EHs on the district markets, which in turn reduces EHs energy cost by 22%, and decreases emitted CO₂ by 13%.