Trajectory and Predictors of Mental Health Symptoms and Wellbeing in Newly Admitted Nursing Home Residents

Objectives: This study determined changes in multiple aspects of mental health and wellbeing in newly admitted nursing home residents, and identified risk and protective factors. Methods: Participants were 204 residents recently admitted to one of 42 nursing homes in Melbourne, Australia. A subgroup of 82 participants were followed up eight months post-admission. Depression, anxiety, stress, adjustment, and quality of life were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Predictive factors (demographics, health, transition factors, nursing home characteristics) were examined in multiple regression analyses. Results: Rates of depression and anxiety were high at both baseline and follow-up. Low self-rated health and medical comorbidity predicted poor wellbeing at baseline. Higher perceived control in the relocation to the nursing home and engagement in meaningful activities were associated with better post-admission outcomes. Baseline psychotropic medication use predicted lower anxiety at follow-up but did not impact depressive symptoms. Conclusions: There were no significant changes in mental health and wellbeing from one to eight months post-admission. The negative effect of residing in a for-profit nursing home requires further investigation. Clinical Implications: Individual activity scheduling and an opportunity to participate in relocation decision-making and planning may support resident wellbeing post-admission.