The smartphone and the coup. How Myanmar’s conflicts are entangled with digital technologies, policies, and violence

In February 2021, a coup by the Myanmar military ended a ten-year democratisation process. After a rapid digitalisation of Myanmars political struggles, the military blacked out the countrys internet access. Drawing on the sensitivities of science and technology studies for the intersection of digital technology with societal power structures, this paper examines digital policies and practices of the protest movement, the Myanmar military, and Facebook. This analysis reveals uncanny similarities: Through their opaqueness, the latter actors policies create uncertainty on what is allowed and what isn't; limit means of recourse; and perform authority over the population by directly reaching into people's everyday lives. This article thus de-centres established narratives on Myanmars political environment in the aftermath of the coup, but also points out the highly ambiguous agency that digital technologies develop in assemblages of political conflict, the (global) discourse on terrorism, and government.