@article{721730d440cb49d5a7fe914be8c6bf30,
title = "The First 30 Years of GEWEX",
abstract = "The Global Energy and Water Cycle Exchanges (GEWEX) project was created more than 30 years ago within the framework of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). The aim of this initiative was to address major gaps in our understanding of Earth's energy and water cycles given a lack of information about the basic fluxes and associated reservoirs of these cycles. GEWEX sought to acquire and set standards for climatological data on variables essential for quantifying water and energy fluxes and for closing budgets at the regional and global scales. In so doing, GEWEX activities led to a greatly improved understanding of processes and our ability to predict them. Such understanding was viewed then, as it remains today, essential for advancing weather and climate prediction from global to regional scales. GEWEX has also demonstrated over time the importance of a wider engagement of different communities and the necessity of international collaboration for making progress on understanding and on the monitoring of the changes in the energy and water cycles under ever increasing human pressures. This paper reflects on the first 30 years of evolution and progress that has occurred within GEWEX. This evolution is presented in terms of three main phases of activity. Progress toward the main goals of GEWEX is highlighted by calling out a few achievements from each phase. A vision of the path forward for the coming decade, including the goals of GEWEX for the future, are also described.",
keywords = "Atmosphere-land interaction, Budgets, Climate change, Climate variability, Hydrologic cycle",
author = "Graeme Stephens and Jan Polcher and Xubin Zeng and \{van Oevelen\}, Peter and Germ{\'a}n Poveda and Michael Bosilovich and Ahn, \{Myoung Hwan\} and Gianpaolo Balsamo and Qingyun Duan and Gabriele Hegerl and Christian Jakob and Benjamin Lamptey and Ruby Leung and Maria Piles and Zhongbo Su and Paul Dirmeyer and Findell, \{Kirsten L.\} and Anne Verhoef and Michael Ek and Tristan L'Ecuyer and R{\'e}my Roca and Ali Nazemi and Francina Dominguez and Daniel Klocke and Sandrine Bony",
note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgments. To the memory of Moustafa Chahine, the inaugural chair of the science steering group. GEWEX{\textquoteright}s achievements over the last 30 years would not have been possible without the scientific community collectively working on Earth{\textquoteright}s water and energy cycles. As not all can be thanked here, we especially want to express our gratitude to the many who have contributed to GEWEX over the years and to those who have chaired the Scientific Steering Group before us: Moustafa Chahine, Soroosh Sorooshian, Tom Ackerman, Kevin Trenberth, Howard Wheater, and Sonia I. Seneviratne as well as others who also provided major leadership contributions to GEWEX in the past. GEWEX has also benefitted greatly from interactions with other WCRP projects, and other international projects, particularly IGBP and its successor, Future Earth, as well as the UNESCO Intergovernmental Hydrological Programme. The continuous support from NASA of the International GEWEX Project Office has been foundational to the long-term success of GEWEX, as were the GEWEX data services provided by UCAR in the early stages of the project and support of various GEWEX activities by ESA. The research grants from various funding agencies to support GEWEX scientists over the years has also contributed to the long-term success of GEWEX. We also want to acknowledge the valuable comments and insights of one of the anonymous reviewers of the original manuscript as well as the important contributions of Benoit Meyssignac, who led the updated analysis that produced Fig. SB3. The lead author has been supported as cochair of the GEWEX science steering group at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under Contract 80NM0018D0004 with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 American Meteorological Society.",
year = "2023",
month = jan,
day = "19",
doi = "10.1175/BAMS-D-22-0061.1",
language = "English",
volume = "104",
pages = "E126--E157",
journal = "Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society",
issn = "0003-0007",
publisher = "American Meteorological Society",
number = "1",
}
