The expected ups and downs of aging: influencing factors of ageism among Iranian older adults

Ageism is a complex phenomenon influenced by many social structures, including economic systems, political ideologies, cultural norms, and prevailing social attitudes. This study aimed to explore the factors contributing to ageism using a qualitative approach. A purposive sample of 20 older adults aged 60 and over participated in semi-structured, face-to-face interviews. Data were analyzed through thematic analysis involving transcription, review, and category extraction. Three main themes and ten sub-themes emerged, encapsulating the participants’ experiences and perceptions of ageism within the Iranian context, including reactions to remarriage, insecurity and vulnerability, and death. These themes offer insights into older adults’ acceptance or denial of aging. To foster healthier attitudes towards aging and mitigate ageism, it is essential to strategically utilize existing political, economic, social, and cultural infrastructures.