TY - JOUR
T1 - The effect of telematic based feedback and financial incentives on driving behaviour
T2 - a randomised trial
AU - Stevenson, Mark
AU - Harris, Anthony
AU - Wijnands, Jasper S.
AU - Mortimer, Duncan
N1 - Funding Information:
This work is supported by the Australian Research Council Grant Number: LP150100680 . MS is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Fellowship.
Funding Information:
This work is supported by an Australian Research Council Grant Number: LP150100680. MS is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Fellowship APP1136250. The University of Melbourne Human Research Ethics Committee. This work is supported by the Australian Research Council Grant Number: LP150100680. MS is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Fellowship.
Funding Information:
This work is supported by an Australian Research Council Grant Number: LP150100680. MS is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Fellowship APP1136250 .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - Aim: In-vehicle telematics monitoring systems that provide driver feedback have been identified as a promising intervention to influence driver behaviours and reduce the growing burden of road injury. The current study was undertaken to assess the effect of driver feedback alone and feedback plus financial incentives on driving behaviours (speeding, hard acceleration and hard braking). Method: A pragmatic randomised trial was undertaken over a 28-week observational period. Drivers were recruited and randomly allocated to one of three groups namely, driver feedback, driver feedback plus incentives and a control group. The feedback group received a weekly summary of their driving performance via SMS text message and access to more detailed feedback via an online dashboard or smartphone application. The feedback plus financial incentive group received the feedback but lost financial incentives for risky driving behaviour above a threshold. Results: A total of 174 drivers completed at least one driving trip during the study period; 18,082 trip days completed by these 174 drivers during the study period provided the sample for analysis. For the primary outcomes of probability of speeding, hard acceleration and hard braking on any given trip, neither feedback alone nor feedback plus incentives delivered statistically significant improvements in driving behaviour relative to the controls. Treatment effects for feedback plus incentives were, however, consistently in the expected direction and large enough to warrant further investigation. For the secondary composite measure of risky driving, namely the DriveScore™, a statistically significant improvement was observed for the feedback and incentive group compared to the control group (TE = 2.6 points on a 0–100 scale, p < 0.05). Discussion: This study adds to our understanding of the potential effects of feedback and financial incentives. Findings suggest that, while feedback alone may be insufficient to motivate behaviour change, combining feedback with financial incentives can deliver potentially important and statistically significant reductions in risky driving behaviours.
AB - Aim: In-vehicle telematics monitoring systems that provide driver feedback have been identified as a promising intervention to influence driver behaviours and reduce the growing burden of road injury. The current study was undertaken to assess the effect of driver feedback alone and feedback plus financial incentives on driving behaviours (speeding, hard acceleration and hard braking). Method: A pragmatic randomised trial was undertaken over a 28-week observational period. Drivers were recruited and randomly allocated to one of three groups namely, driver feedback, driver feedback plus incentives and a control group. The feedback group received a weekly summary of their driving performance via SMS text message and access to more detailed feedback via an online dashboard or smartphone application. The feedback plus financial incentive group received the feedback but lost financial incentives for risky driving behaviour above a threshold. Results: A total of 174 drivers completed at least one driving trip during the study period; 18,082 trip days completed by these 174 drivers during the study period provided the sample for analysis. For the primary outcomes of probability of speeding, hard acceleration and hard braking on any given trip, neither feedback alone nor feedback plus incentives delivered statistically significant improvements in driving behaviour relative to the controls. Treatment effects for feedback plus incentives were, however, consistently in the expected direction and large enough to warrant further investigation. For the secondary composite measure of risky driving, namely the DriveScore™, a statistically significant improvement was observed for the feedback and incentive group compared to the control group (TE = 2.6 points on a 0–100 scale, p < 0.05). Discussion: This study adds to our understanding of the potential effects of feedback and financial incentives. Findings suggest that, while feedback alone may be insufficient to motivate behaviour change, combining feedback with financial incentives can deliver potentially important and statistically significant reductions in risky driving behaviours.
KW - Behavioural economics
KW - Driving behaviour
KW - Financial incentives
KW - Road safety
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85108944380&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106278
DO - 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106278
M3 - Article
C2 - 34218195
AN - SCOPUS:85108944380
SN - 0001-4575
VL - 159
JO - Accident Analysis and Prevention
JF - Accident Analysis and Prevention
M1 - 106278
ER -
