Terapia celular em modelo experimental de doença inflamatória intestinal

Inflammatory bowel disease, which mainly involves Crohn’s disease and ulcerative recto-colitis, is an inflammatory condition of the mucosa that can afflict any segment of thegastrointestinal tract. Despite the fact that the existing therapies result in improvement inpatient’s symptomatology and quality of life, there is no curative treatment. Surgical treat-ment involves complex procedures associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Inthis context, cell therapy with stem cells has emerged as a treatment with broad poten-tial applicability. In this study, we intended to verify the efficacy of transplantation ofadipose tissue-derived stem cells in rats with intestinal inflammation induced by trini-trobenzenesulfonic acid. The cell population was isolated from the adipose tissue of inguinalregion of rats and processed for culture by mechanical dissociation. The animals wereevaluated with respect to clinical and biochemical aspects, as well as by macroscopic,microscopic and histological analyses. In the experimental model of bowel inflammationby 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid, the infusion of adipose tissue significantly reducedthe presence of adhesions in the colon and adjacent organs and decreased the activity ofmyeloperoxidase, a marker of neutrophil infiltration in the injured mucosa. The results sug-gest that cell therapy with adipose tissue can promote and/or accelerate the regeneration ofdamaged intestinal mucosa. It is concluded that the presence of adhesions and the deter-mination of myeloperoxidase activity provide indications that adipose tissue can promoteand/or accelerate the regeneration of inflammatory bowel mucosa.