TY - JOUR
T1 - Synthesis of nano cementitious additives from agricultural wastes for the production of sustainable concrete
AU - Lim, Jacob Lok Guan
AU - Raman, Sudharshan N.
AU - Lai, Fook Chuan
AU - Zain, Muhammad Fauzi Mohd
AU - Hamid, Roszilah
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors extend their gratitude to the Ministry of Higher Studies, Malaysia and to Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia for providing the necessary funding for this research through the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme ( FRGS/1/2015/TK01/UKM/02/1 ). The authors also acknowledge ceEntek Pte. Ltd., Singapore, for supplying the carbon nano-fibers that were used in this research.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Ltd
Copyright:
Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2018/1/10
Y1 - 2018/1/10
N2 - The cement and concrete production industries are widely acknowledged as one of the major contributors of carbon dioxide in the modern world. Extensive research have been undertaken over the years to enhance the sustainability and resilience aspects of these industries, as well as to neutralize their carbon footprint. This study aims to utilize palm oil fuel ash (POFA) and rice husk ash (RHA) to produce nano cementitious additives (NCA) for carbon-neutral cement (CNC). The performance of NCA was evaluated in ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete by replacing the OPC at dosages of 0.5% and 1.0%. CNC with 100% supplementary materials was activated with 2.5 M NaOH concentration. The activated CNC was used to replace OPC from 0% to 100% in concrete, and their workability, pozzolanic reactivity, and early-age and long-term compressive strength performances were analyzed. Subsequently, micro- and nano-scaled fibers were introduced into the mix with 100% CNC to enhance the flexural and tensile characteristics of the composite. The findings indicated that low-dosage of NCA (0.5%) resulted in increased early-age strength, whereas NCA at 1.0% enhanced the early-age and ultimate strength of the concrete. The inclusion of micro- and nano-scaled fibers contributed in enhancing the flexural characteristics of the concrete matrix. It can be deduced that NCA is feasible to function as strength enhancer for OPC or as an activator to produce CNC, thus offering a novel sustainable construction material and contributing towards greener construction.
AB - The cement and concrete production industries are widely acknowledged as one of the major contributors of carbon dioxide in the modern world. Extensive research have been undertaken over the years to enhance the sustainability and resilience aspects of these industries, as well as to neutralize their carbon footprint. This study aims to utilize palm oil fuel ash (POFA) and rice husk ash (RHA) to produce nano cementitious additives (NCA) for carbon-neutral cement (CNC). The performance of NCA was evaluated in ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete by replacing the OPC at dosages of 0.5% and 1.0%. CNC with 100% supplementary materials was activated with 2.5 M NaOH concentration. The activated CNC was used to replace OPC from 0% to 100% in concrete, and their workability, pozzolanic reactivity, and early-age and long-term compressive strength performances were analyzed. Subsequently, micro- and nano-scaled fibers were introduced into the mix with 100% CNC to enhance the flexural and tensile characteristics of the composite. The findings indicated that low-dosage of NCA (0.5%) resulted in increased early-age strength, whereas NCA at 1.0% enhanced the early-age and ultimate strength of the concrete. The inclusion of micro- and nano-scaled fibers contributed in enhancing the flexural characteristics of the concrete matrix. It can be deduced that NCA is feasible to function as strength enhancer for OPC or as an activator to produce CNC, thus offering a novel sustainable construction material and contributing towards greener construction.
KW - Carbon nano-fibers (CNF)
KW - Carbon-neutral cement (CNC)
KW - Nano cementitious additives (NCA)
KW - Palm oil fuel ash (POFA)
KW - Rice husk ash (RHA)
KW - Sustainable concrete
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85034085612&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.143
DO - 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.143
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85034085612
SN - 0959-6526
VL - 171
SP - 1150
EP - 1160
JO - Journal of Cleaner Production
JF - Journal of Cleaner Production
ER -