TY - JOUR
T1 - Substituting microalgal biomass with faecal sludge for high-quality biocrude production through co-liquefaction
T2 - a sustainable biorefinery approach
AU - Islam, Md Bashirul
AU - Khalekuzzaman, Md
AU - Kabir, Sadib Bin
AU - Hossain, Md Refat
AU - Alam, Md Asraful
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022/1
Y1 - 2022/1
N2 - Cultivation and harvesting of microalgal biomass are energy-intensive and expensive processes. Hence, this study explored the effect of substituting microalgal biomass with faecal sludge (wet-waste) at different ratios (100:0, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 0:100) for biocrude production through hydrothermal liquefaction. Among the various ratios, the co-hydrothermal liquefaction of MA25FS75 (25% microalgae: 75% faecal sludge) sample showed the highest biocrude yield of 38% with a lighter hydrocarbon fraction of 43% (kerosene 15% and diesel 28%) and HHV of 33.8 MJ/Kg. In addition, the biocrude maturity and intensity analysis suggested higher A-factor and lower C-factor for MA25FS75, which indicated a high-quality crude property. Finally, the higher energy recovery of 85.6% and lower energy consumption ratio of 0.58 for MA25FS75 confirmed the net energy positivity system. So, this study suggested that the faecal sludge was an environment-friendly low-cost replacement of microalgae for high-quality biocrude production towards a sustainable biorefinery approach.
AB - Cultivation and harvesting of microalgal biomass are energy-intensive and expensive processes. Hence, this study explored the effect of substituting microalgal biomass with faecal sludge (wet-waste) at different ratios (100:0, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 0:100) for biocrude production through hydrothermal liquefaction. Among the various ratios, the co-hydrothermal liquefaction of MA25FS75 (25% microalgae: 75% faecal sludge) sample showed the highest biocrude yield of 38% with a lighter hydrocarbon fraction of 43% (kerosene 15% and diesel 28%) and HHV of 33.8 MJ/Kg. In addition, the biocrude maturity and intensity analysis suggested higher A-factor and lower C-factor for MA25FS75, which indicated a high-quality crude property. Finally, the higher energy recovery of 85.6% and lower energy consumption ratio of 0.58 for MA25FS75 confirmed the net energy positivity system. So, this study suggested that the faecal sludge was an environment-friendly low-cost replacement of microalgae for high-quality biocrude production towards a sustainable biorefinery approach.
KW - Co-hydrothermal liquefaction
KW - Energy recovery
KW - Faecal sludge
KW - Lighter hydrocarbon
KW - Microalgae
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85117271016
U2 - 10.1016/j.fuproc.2021.107063
DO - 10.1016/j.fuproc.2021.107063
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85117271016
SN - 0378-3820
VL - 225
JO - Fuel Processing Technology
JF - Fuel Processing Technology
M1 - 107063
ER -
