Review on Dengue Vaccines over the Years

Vanisha Naduni Fernando, Sharanya Jeyapalan, Nowrozy Kamar Jahan, Christina Gertrude Yap, Naganathan Pillai

Research output: Contribution to journalReview ArticleResearchpeer-review

Abstract

Dengue virus is an arthropod borne illness affecting many tropical and subtropical nations. DENV originates from the Flaviviridae family and has four related serotypes DENV1-4. It is an RNA virus with three structural proteins and seven non-structural proteins. WHO has reported that there has been an immense rise in the number of cases over the past decade. Nonetheless, DENV has been considered to be a neglected tropical disease with a high economic burden globally. DENV has been seen to spread to non-endemic areas like Europe through travellers carrying the virus and an effective method of prevention is sought out throughout the world. For this reason, vaccine development has been initiated as a prevention strategy. It is important to create a vaccine that is able to provide protection against all serotypes in order to avoid issues like ADE where vaccinated individuals are at an increased risk of developing severe dengue on subsequent exposure to a wild type DENV. There are currently a number of vaccine candidates that are available, including live attenuated, inactivated, subunit, DNA, VLP and viral vectors. The only licenced vaccine, Dengvaxia, was approved in 2015 and since then has face some setbacks. The other vaccines are still in development and a few are undergoing phase III trials. However, none have successfully been approved due to lack of long-term safety profiles. This review provides insight to the most recent advances in the field of dengue vaccines.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)11-18
Number of pages8
JournalInternational Academic Research Journal of Internal Medicine & Public Health
Volume2
Issue number6
Publication statusPublished - 10 Dec 2021

Keywords

  • Dengue virus
  • DENV
  • dengue vaccine
  • CYD-TDV
  • Dengvaxia
  • live attenuated vaccine
  • vaccination

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