TY - JOUR
T1 - Reflex release of vasopressin and renin in hemorrhage is enhanced by autonomic blockade
AU - Oliver, J. R.
AU - Korner, Paul I.
AU - Woods, R. L.
AU - Zhu, J. L.
PY - 1990
Y1 - 1990
N2 - We determined the relationships during hemorrhage between nominal blood volume (BV) and 1) plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP), 2) plasma renin activity (PRA), and 3) mean arterial pressure (MAP). Conscious rabbits were studied under normal conditions and during total autonomic blockade (TAB) at bleeding rates of 2 and 4 ml/min. Normally, MAP was well maintained until BV had been reduced to ~65% of control (termed 65% BV) after which it fell abruptly. The threshold for a rise in AVP was 80-75% BV, followed by exponential rises to levels of 14 and 24 times control at the slow and fast rate of bleeding. PRA rose earlier in hemorrhage, but this rise was more gradual, to values at 60% BV of 5.5 and 7 times control at the two rates of bleeding. During TAB, MAP fell rapidly and both BV concentration curves were shifted to the left with the rises in AVP and PRA/unit ΔBV greater than normal; at 75% BV at each rate of hemorrhage, AVP and PRA had risen, respectively, to ~40 and 8 times control. Normally, the rises in the AVP and PRA (i.e., angiotensin II) concentrations were modest during the nonhypotensive phase, consistent with their minimal constrictor action observed in a parallel study. During the hypotensive phase, both reached high levels in the constrictor range. During TAB, high concentrations were reached with small BV loss, representing a model of near-maximum release of PRA and AVP.
AB - We determined the relationships during hemorrhage between nominal blood volume (BV) and 1) plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP), 2) plasma renin activity (PRA), and 3) mean arterial pressure (MAP). Conscious rabbits were studied under normal conditions and during total autonomic blockade (TAB) at bleeding rates of 2 and 4 ml/min. Normally, MAP was well maintained until BV had been reduced to ~65% of control (termed 65% BV) after which it fell abruptly. The threshold for a rise in AVP was 80-75% BV, followed by exponential rises to levels of 14 and 24 times control at the slow and fast rate of bleeding. PRA rose earlier in hemorrhage, but this rise was more gradual, to values at 60% BV of 5.5 and 7 times control at the two rates of bleeding. During TAB, MAP fell rapidly and both BV concentration curves were shifted to the left with the rises in AVP and PRA/unit ΔBV greater than normal; at 75% BV at each rate of hemorrhage, AVP and PRA had risen, respectively, to ~40 and 8 times control. Normally, the rises in the AVP and PRA (i.e., angiotensin II) concentrations were modest during the nonhypotensive phase, consistent with their minimal constrictor action observed in a parallel study. During the hypotensive phase, both reached high levels in the constrictor range. During TAB, high concentrations were reached with small BV loss, representing a model of near-maximum release of PRA and AVP.
KW - Angiotensin II
KW - Arginine vasopressin
KW - Autonomic blockade
KW - Plasma renin activity
KW - Rabbit
KW - Rate of hemorrhage
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0025134190&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1152/ajpheart.1990.258.1.H221
DO - 10.1152/ajpheart.1990.258.1.H221
M3 - Article
C2 - 2405713
AN - SCOPUS:0025134190
SN - 0363-6135
VL - 258
SP - H221-H228
JO - American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology
JF - American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology
IS - 1
ER -