Red wine grape pomace attenuates atherosclerosis and myocardial damage and increases survival in association with improved plasma antioxidant activity in a murine model of lethal ischemic heart disease

Katherine Rivera, Francisca Salas-Pérz, Guadalupe Echeverría, Inés Urquiaga, Sara Dicenta, Druso Pérez, Paula De La Cerda, Leticia González, Marcelo E. Andia, Sergio Uribe, Cristián Tejos, Gonzalo Martínez, Dolores Busso, Pablo Irarrázaval, Attilio Rigotti

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36 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

A healthy dietary pattern and high quality nutrient intake reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. Red wine grape pomace (RWGP)—a rich natural source of dietary fiber and antioxidants—appears to be a potential functional food ingredient. The impact of a dietary supplementation with RWGP flour was evaluated in atherogenic diet-fed SR-B1 KO/ApoER61h/h mice, a model of lethal ischemic heart disease. SR-B1 KO/ApoER61h/h mice were fed with atherogenic (high fat, cholesterol, and cholic acid, HFC) diet supplemented with: (a) 20% chow (HFC-Control), (b) 20% RWGP flour (HFC-RWGP), or (c) 10% chow/10% oat fiber (HFC-Fiber); and survival time was evaluated. In addition, SR-B1 KO/ApoER61h/h mice were fed for 7 or 14 days with HFC-Control or HFC-RWGP diets and plasma lipid levels, inflammation, oxidative damage, and antioxidant activity were measured. Atherosclerosis and myocardial damage were assessed by histology and magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. Supplementation with RWGP reduced premature death, changed TNF-α and IL-10 levels, and increased plasma antioxidant activity. Moreover, decreased atheromatous aortic and brachiocephalic plaque sizes and attenuated myocardial infarction and dysfunction were also observed. These results suggest that RWGP flour intake may be used as a non-pharmacological therapeutic approach, contributing to decreased progression of atherosclerosis, reduced coronary heart disease, and improved cardiovascular outcomes.

Original languageEnglish
Article number2135
Number of pages17
JournalNutrients
Volume11
Issue number9
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Sept 2019
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Atherosclerosis
  • Fiber and antioxidants
  • Grape pomace
  • Magnetic resonance imaging
  • Oxidative stress

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