Reaction and miscibility of two diepoxides with poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was melt-blended at 270°C with two epoxy monomers, diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and 3,4-epoxycyclohexyl-methyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexyl carboxylate (ECY). Intermediate proportions of the epoxy in the range of 20-0.5 wt % were used. If the epoxy monomers were added in a high proportion (10-20%), a large fraction did not react with PET. Calorimetric experiments showed that the unreacted fractions of both epoxies were miscible with the amorphous phase of the polyester. Only one glass-transition temperature was detected. It was depressed as the epoxy content was increased. The transition was broad when the PET component was crystalline, and it was narrow when the PET component was made amorphous by quenching of the blend. These features were confirmed by dynamic thermal mechanical analysis. As is often the case for crystalline blends, the crystallization and melting temperatures decreased when the proportion of the epoxy was increased. Concerning the reactivity of the epoxy with PET, the behavior differed according to the nature of the epoxy. The DGEBA monomer showed a low reactivity. It was not effective for the chain extension of PET, and no increase in the intrinsic viscosity was observed under the experimental conditions. However, some functionalization of the chain ends may be possible at a high concentration of the epoxy. ECY was more reactive, and the molecular weight of the processed PET increased, although the value of the commercial untreated polyester was not attained.