TY - JOUR
T1 - Primary aldosteronism — a multidimensional syndrome
AU - Turcu, Adina F.
AU - Yang, Jun
AU - Vaidya, Anand
N1 - Funding Information:
A.F.T. was supported by grants 2019087 from the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, R01HL155834 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, and UL1TR002240 from the Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research. A.V. was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases under award R01 DK115392-04 and the National Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Disorders under award R01 HL153004 and by the Brigham and Women’s Hospital Department of Medicine Innovation Evergreen Fund Award. J.Y. was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council Investigator Grant APP1194576.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, Springer Nature Limited.
PY - 2022/11
Y1 - 2022/11
N2 - Primary aldosteronism is a common cause of hypertension and is a risk factor for cardiovascular and renal morbidity and mortality, via mechanisms mediated by both hypertension and direct insults to target organs. Despite its high prevalence and associated complications, primary aldosteronism remains largely under-recognized, with less than 2% of people in at-risk populations ever tested. Fundamental progress made over the past decade has transformed our understanding of the pathogenesis of primary aldosteronism and of its clinical phenotypes. The dichotomous paradigm of primary aldosteronism diagnosis and subtyping is being redefined into a multidimensional spectrum of disease, which spans subclinical stages to florid primary aldosteronism, and from single-focal or multifocal to diffuse aldosterone-producing areas, which can affect one or both adrenal glands. This Review discusses how redefining the primary aldosteronism syndrome as a multidimensional spectrum will affect the approach to the diagnosis and subtyping of primary aldosteronism.
AB - Primary aldosteronism is a common cause of hypertension and is a risk factor for cardiovascular and renal morbidity and mortality, via mechanisms mediated by both hypertension and direct insults to target organs. Despite its high prevalence and associated complications, primary aldosteronism remains largely under-recognized, with less than 2% of people in at-risk populations ever tested. Fundamental progress made over the past decade has transformed our understanding of the pathogenesis of primary aldosteronism and of its clinical phenotypes. The dichotomous paradigm of primary aldosteronism diagnosis and subtyping is being redefined into a multidimensional spectrum of disease, which spans subclinical stages to florid primary aldosteronism, and from single-focal or multifocal to diffuse aldosterone-producing areas, which can affect one or both adrenal glands. This Review discusses how redefining the primary aldosteronism syndrome as a multidimensional spectrum will affect the approach to the diagnosis and subtyping of primary aldosteronism.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85137193366&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41574-022-00730-2
DO - 10.1038/s41574-022-00730-2
M3 - Review Article
C2 - 36045149
AN - SCOPUS:85137193366
SN - 1759-5029
VL - 18
SP - 665
EP - 682
JO - Nature Reviews Endocrinology
JF - Nature Reviews Endocrinology
IS - 11
ER -