Predictors of transport to hospital after emergency ambulance call-out for older people living in residential aged care

Objectives: People living in residential aged care (RAC) frequently experience ambulance call-out. These episodes may have unintended consequences, yet remain under-investigated. Our aim was to examine clinical and sociodemographic features associated with transfer to hospital for this population. Methods: Retrospective cohort study using 6 years of clinical data from Ambulance Victoria (AV). Data analysis included multilevel multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with transport to hospital. Results: Odds of transfer were greater for people in rural areas, those with a history of depression, cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis, and residents prescribed antipsychotic and antidepressant medication. Ambulance call-out for trauma (commonly low-level fall) was less frequently transferred to hospital than that for a medical complaint. Conclusion: These results will improve prediction of call-outs likely to require transfer. Findings include identification of clinical features to be targeted by community and preventative health programs to reduce risk of acute health deterioration and requirement for emergency hospital transfer.