Phosphonium plastic crystal salt alloyed with a sodium salt as a solid-state electrolyte for sodium devices: phase behaviour and electrochemical performance

Faezeh Makhlooghiazad, Patrick C Howlett, Xiaoen Wang, Matthias Hilder, Douglas R Macfarlane, Michel Armand, Maria Forsyth

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45 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Mixtures of triisobutylmethylphosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (P1i444FSI) with different concentrations of NaFSI display composition-dependent phase behaviour with depression of the melting point upon NaFSI addition and suppression of crystallisation in the middle of the phase diagram and a higher-melting-point, NaFSI-rich mixed-phase region at compositions beyond 60 mol% NaFSI. Thermal treatment of the intermediate compositions results in complete crystallisation of the materials. All compositions showed high ionic conductivity (>10-5 S cm-1) at 20 °C, and Na symmetric cells containing high concentration of NaFSI (Na|[Na0.9(P1i444)0.1]FSI|Na) were cycled efficiently at 50 and 90 °C at 0.05 and 0.1 mA cm-2, respectively. Intermediate composition (Na|[Na0.6(P1i444)0.4]FSI|Na) cells were cycled at room temperature and 50 °C at 0.25 mA cm-2 with very low and stable cell polarisation (200 mV).

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)5770-5780
Number of pages11
JournalJournal of Materials Chemistry A
Volume5
Issue number12
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2017
  • ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science

    Wallace, G. G. (Primary Chief Investigator (PCI)), Forsyth, M. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Macfarlane, D. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Officer, D. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Cook, M. J. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Dodds, S. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Spinks, G. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Alici, G. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Moulton, S. (Chief Investigator (CI)), in het Panhuis, M. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Kapsa, R. M. I. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Higgins, M. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Mozer, A. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Crook, J. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Innis, P. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Coote, M. L. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Wang, X. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Howlett, P. C. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Pringle, J. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Hancock, L. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Paull, B. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Sparrow, R. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Zhang, J. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Spiccia, L. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Diamond, D. (Partner Investigator (PI)), Guldi, D. (Partner Investigator (PI)), Kim, S. J. (Partner Investigator (PI)), Unwin, P. (Partner Investigator (PI)) & Watanabe, M. (Partner Investigator (PI))

    Australian Research Council (ARC)

    30/06/1430/06/21

    Project: Research

  • Protonic Materials for Green Chemical Futures

    Macfarlane, D. (Primary Chief Investigator (PCI))

    Australian Research Council (ARC)

    1/04/131/12/20

    Project: Research

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