Personalized medicine for allergy treatment: Allergen immunotherapy still a unique and unmatched model

Cristoforo Incorvaia, Mona Al-Ahmad, Ignacio J. Ansotegui, Stefania Arasi, Claus Bachert, Catherine Bos, Jean Bousquet, Andrzéj Bozek, Davide Caimmi, Moises A. Calderón, Thomas Casale, Adnan Custovic, Frédéric De Blay, Pascal Demoly, Philippe Devillier, Alain Didier, Alessandro Fiocchi, Adam T. Fox, Philippe Gevaert, Maximiliano GomezEnrico Heffler, Natalia Ilina, Carla Irani, Marek Jutel, Efstrathios Karagiannis, Ludger Klimek, Piotr Kuna, Robin O'Hehir, Oxana Kurbacheva, Paolo M. Matricardi, Mario Morais-Almeida, Ralph Mosges, Natalija Novak, Yoshitaka Okamoto, Petr Panzner, Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, Hae Sim Park, Giovanni Passalacqua, Ruby Pawankar, Oliver Pfaar, Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier, Silvia Scurati, Miguel Tortajada-Girbés, Carmen Vidal, J. Christian Virchow, Ulrich Wahn, Margitta Worm, Petra Zieglmayer, Giorgio W. Canonica

Research output: Contribution to journalReview ArticleResearchpeer-review

37 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The introduction of personalized medicine (PM) has been a milestone in the history of medical therapy, because it has revolutionized the previous approach of treating the disease with that of treating the patient. It is known today that diseases can occur in different genetic variants, making specific treatments of proven efficacy necessary for a given endotype. Allergic diseases are particularly suitable for PM, because they meet the therapeutic success requirements, including a known molecular mechanism of the disease, a diagnostic tool for such disease, and a treatment blocking the mechanism. The stakes of PM in allergic patients are molecular diagnostics, to detect specific IgE to single-allergen molecules and to distinguish the causative molecules from those merely cross-reactive, pursuit of patient's treatable traits addressing genetic, phenotypic, and psychosocial features, and omics, such as proteomics, epi-genomics, metabolomics, and breathomics, to forecast patient's responsiveness to therapies, to detect biomarker and mediators, and to verify the disease control. This new approach has already improved the precision of allergy diagnosis and is likely to significantly increase, through the higher performance achieved with the personalized treatment, the effectiveness of allergen immunotherapy by enhancing its already known and unique characteristics of treatment that acts on the causes.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1041-1052
Number of pages12
JournalAllergy
Volume76
Issue number4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Apr 2021

Keywords

  • allergen immunotherapy
  • molecular diagnosis
  • omics
  • personalized medicine
  • treatable traits

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