@article{d7911192f72a477c83030891c3bda35d,
title = "Performance of a prototype TORCH time-of-flight detector",
abstract = "TORCH is a novel time-of-flight detector, designed to provide charged particle identification of pions, kaons and protons in the momentum range 2–20 GeV/c over a 9.5 m flight path. A detector module, comprising a 10 mm thick quartz plate, provides a source of Cherenkov photons which propagate via total internal reflection to one end of the plate. Here, the photons are focused onto an array of custom-designed Micro-Channel Plate Photo-Multiplier Tubes (MCP-PMTs) which measure their positions and arrival times. The target time resolution per photon is 70 ps which, for 30 detected photons per charged particle, results in a 10–15 ps time-of-flight resolution. A 1.25 m length TORCH prototype module employing two MCP-PMTs has been developed, and tested at the CERN PS using a charged hadron beam of 8 GeV/c momentum. The construction of the module, the properties of the MCP-PMTs and the readout electronics are described. Measurements of the collected photon yields and single-photon time resolutions have been performed as a function of particle entry points on the plate and compared to expectations. These studies show that the performance of the TORCH prototype approaches the design goals for the full-scale detector.",
keywords = "Cherenkov radiation, MCP-PMT, Particle identification, Time-of-flight, TORCH",
author = "S. Bhasin and T. Blake and Brook, {N. H.} and Cicala, {M. F.} and T. Conneely and D. Cussans and {van Dijk}, {M. W.U.} and R. Forty and C. Frei and Gabriel, {E. P.M.} and R. Gao and T. Gershon and T. Gys and T. Hadavizadeh and Hancock, {T. H.} and N. Harnew and T. Jones and M. Kreps and J. Milnes and D. Piedigrossi and J. Rademacker and Smallwood, {J. C.}",
note = "Funding Information: The support is acknowledged of the Science and Technology Research Council, UK , grant number ST/P002692/1 , and of the European Research Council through an FP7 Advanced Grant ( ERC-2011-AdG299175-TORCH ). We acknowledge the contributions from the CERN T9 beam operators. We would like to thank Ankush Mitra, Jeanette Chattaway of the University of Warwick, Keith Clark of the University of Bristol, Mark Jones and Peter Hastings at the University of Oxford, and the staff of the workshops at the Universities of Bristol, Edinburgh, Oxford and Warwick Departments of Physics for their help in the production of the Proto-TORCH mechanical frame and electronics. We also thank Jon Lapington of the University of Leicester for his advice and insightful discussions on the MCP-PMTs and Chris Slatter of Photek for his work on their development. An individual author (TB) has received support from the Royal Society (UK) . Funding Information: The support is acknowledged of the Science and Technology Research Council, UK, grant number ST/P002692/1, and of the European Research Council through an FP7 Advanced Grant (ERC-2011-AdG299175-TORCH). We acknowledge the contributions from the CERN T9 beam operators. We would like to thank Ankush Mitra, Jeanette Chattaway of the University of Warwick, Keith Clark of the University of Bristol, Mark Jones and Peter Hastings at the University of Oxford, and the staff of the workshops at the Universities of Bristol, Edinburgh, Oxford and Warwick Departments of Physics for their help in the production of the Proto-TORCH mechanical frame and electronics. We also thank Jon Lapington of the University of Leicester for his advice and insightful discussions on the MCP-PMTs and Chris Slatter of Photek for his work on their development. An individual author (TB) has received support from the Royal Society (UK). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 The Author(s)",
year = "2023",
month = may,
doi = "10.1016/j.nima.2023.168181",
language = "English",
volume = "1050",
journal = "Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment",
issn = "0168-9002",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
}