TY - JOUR
T1 - Peptidase inhibitor 16 identifies a human regulatory T-cell subset with reduced FOXP3 expression over the first year of recent onset type 1 diabetes
AU - Hope, Christoper M.
AU - Welch, John
AU - Mohandas, Arunesh
AU - Pederson, Stephen
AU - Hill, Danika
AU - Gundsambuu, Batjargal
AU - Eastaff-Leung, Nicola
AU - Grosse, Randall
AU - Bresatz, Suzanne
AU - Ang, Grace
AU - Papademetrios, Michael
AU - Zola, Heddy
AU - Duhen, Thomas
AU - Campbell, Daniel
AU - Brown, Cheryl Y.
AU - Krumbiegel, Doreen
AU - Sadlon, Timothy
AU - Couper, Jennefer J.
AU - Barry, Simon C.
PY - 2019/8
Y1 - 2019/8
N2 - CD4+ T-cell subsets play a major role in the host response to infection, and a healthy immune system requires a fine balance between reactivity and tolerance. This balance is in part maintained by regulatory T cells (Treg), which promote tolerance, and loss of immune tolerance contributes to autoimmunity. As the T cells which drive immunity are diverse, identifying and understanding how these subsets function requires specific biomarkers. From a human CD4 Tconv/Treg cell genome wide analysis we identified peptidase inhibitor 16 (PI16) as a CD4 subset biomarker and we now show detailed analysis of its distribution, phenotype and links to Treg function in type 1 diabetes. To determine the clinical relevance of Pi16 Treg, we analysed PI16+ Treg cells from type 1 diabetes patient samples. We observed that FOXP3 expression levels declined with disease progression, suggesting loss of functional fitness in these Treg cells in Type 1 diabetes, and in particular the rate of loss of FOXP3 expression was greatest in the PI16+ve Treg. We propose that PI16 has utility as a biomarker of functional human Treg subsets and may be useful for tracking loss of immune function in vivo. The ability to stratify at risk patients so that tailored interventions can be applied would open the door to personalised medicine for Type 1 diabetes.
AB - CD4+ T-cell subsets play a major role in the host response to infection, and a healthy immune system requires a fine balance between reactivity and tolerance. This balance is in part maintained by regulatory T cells (Treg), which promote tolerance, and loss of immune tolerance contributes to autoimmunity. As the T cells which drive immunity are diverse, identifying and understanding how these subsets function requires specific biomarkers. From a human CD4 Tconv/Treg cell genome wide analysis we identified peptidase inhibitor 16 (PI16) as a CD4 subset biomarker and we now show detailed analysis of its distribution, phenotype and links to Treg function in type 1 diabetes. To determine the clinical relevance of Pi16 Treg, we analysed PI16+ Treg cells from type 1 diabetes patient samples. We observed that FOXP3 expression levels declined with disease progression, suggesting loss of functional fitness in these Treg cells in Type 1 diabetes, and in particular the rate of loss of FOXP3 expression was greatest in the PI16+ve Treg. We propose that PI16 has utility as a biomarker of functional human Treg subsets and may be useful for tracking loss of immune function in vivo. The ability to stratify at risk patients so that tailored interventions can be applied would open the door to personalised medicine for Type 1 diabetes.
KW - FOXP3
KW - PI16
KW - regulatory T cells
KW - type 1 diabetes
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85066997170&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/eji.201948094
DO - 10.1002/eji.201948094
M3 - Article
C2 - 31127857
AN - SCOPUS:85066997170
VL - 49
SP - 1235
EP - 1250
JO - European Journal of Immunology
JF - European Journal of Immunology
SN - 0014-2980
IS - 8
ER -