Abstract
Phaleria macrocarpa (Mahkota dewa) seed was examined to determine the optimal conditions of oil yield by solvent extraction method using n-hexane as extracting solvent. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to describe explicitly the influence of extraction time, temperature and solvent-to-feed ratio on the yield of oil using central composite design (CCD). The linear, quadratic and interaction terms of the studied variables have significant (P< 0.05) effect on the oil yield. The temperature of 72. °C, extraction time of 8.4. h and solvent-to-feed ratio of 10.9. ml/g were the optimal conditions for seed oil extraction. The maximum oil yield was 55.32. g/100. g dry weight under these optimal conditions. Main chemical constituents of oil were determined by Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Twelve components were identified by GC-MS analysis after formation of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). Total saturated fatty acids were 19.38% whereas monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 44.23% and 36.38%, respectively. Oleic acid, 18:1 (43.56%) and linoleic acid, 18:2 (36.25%) were the main fatty acid constituents of Mahkota dewa seed oil. The quantity of unsaturated fatty acids was higher than saturated fatty acids in P. macrocarpa seed oil.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 405-412 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Industrial Crops and Products |
Volume | 52 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Jan 2014 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- CCD
- Fatty acids composition
- GC-MS analysis
- Optimization by RSM
- Phaleria macrocarpa seed oil