Abstract
In this paper, we describe a method to non-invasively study the movement of proppant packs at the sub-fracture scale by applying three-dimensional digital image correlation techniques to X-ray tomography data. Proppant movement is tracked in a fractured core of Marcellus shale placed under a series of increasing confining pressures up to 10,000 psi. The analysis reveals the sudden failure of a region of the proppant pack, accompanied by the large-scale rearrangement of grains across the entire fracture surface. The failure of the pack coincides with the appearance of vortex-like grain motions similar to features observed in biaxial compression of two dimensional granular assemblies
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 39-47 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences |
Volume | 87 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Sept 2016 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Digital image correlation
- Proppant pack
- X-Ray tomography