Abstract
Being born small lays the foundation for short-term and long-term implications for life. Intrauterine or fetal growth restriction describes the pregnancy complication of pathological reduced fetal growth, leading to significant perinatal mortality and morbidity, and subsequent long-term deficits. Placental insufficiency is the principal cause of FGR, which in turn underlies a chronic undersupply of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. The neonatal morbidities associated with FGR depend on the timing of onset of placental dysfunction and growth restriction, its severity, and the gestation at birth of the infant. In this review, we explore the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of major neonatal morbidities in FGR, and their impact on the health of the infant. Fetal cardiovascular adaptation and altered organ development during gestation are principal contributors to postnatal consequences of FGR. Clinical presentation, diagnostic tools and management strategies of neonatal morbidities are presented. We also present information on the current status of targeted therapies. A better understanding of neonatal morbidities associated with FGR will enable early neonatal detection, monitoring and management of potential adverse outcomes in the newborn period and beyond.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 55 |
| Number of pages | 18 |
| Journal | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue number | FEB |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 7 Feb 2019 |
Keywords
- Brain injury
- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
- Cardiac
- FGR
- IUGR
- Necrotizing enterocolitis
Cite this
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Neonatal morbidities of fetal growth restriction : Pathophysiology and impact. / Malhotra, Atul; Allison, Beth J.; Castillo-Melendez, Margie; Jenkin, Graham; Polglase, Graeme R.; Miller, Suzanne L.
In: Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol. 10, No. FEB, 55, 07.02.2019.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review Article › Research › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - Neonatal morbidities of fetal growth restriction
T2 - Pathophysiology and impact
AU - Malhotra, Atul
AU - Allison, Beth J.
AU - Castillo-Melendez, Margie
AU - Jenkin, Graham
AU - Polglase, Graeme R.
AU - Miller, Suzanne L.
PY - 2019/2/7
Y1 - 2019/2/7
N2 - Being born small lays the foundation for short-term and long-term implications for life. Intrauterine or fetal growth restriction describes the pregnancy complication of pathological reduced fetal growth, leading to significant perinatal mortality and morbidity, and subsequent long-term deficits. Placental insufficiency is the principal cause of FGR, which in turn underlies a chronic undersupply of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. The neonatal morbidities associated with FGR depend on the timing of onset of placental dysfunction and growth restriction, its severity, and the gestation at birth of the infant. In this review, we explore the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of major neonatal morbidities in FGR, and their impact on the health of the infant. Fetal cardiovascular adaptation and altered organ development during gestation are principal contributors to postnatal consequences of FGR. Clinical presentation, diagnostic tools and management strategies of neonatal morbidities are presented. We also present information on the current status of targeted therapies. A better understanding of neonatal morbidities associated with FGR will enable early neonatal detection, monitoring and management of potential adverse outcomes in the newborn period and beyond.
AB - Being born small lays the foundation for short-term and long-term implications for life. Intrauterine or fetal growth restriction describes the pregnancy complication of pathological reduced fetal growth, leading to significant perinatal mortality and morbidity, and subsequent long-term deficits. Placental insufficiency is the principal cause of FGR, which in turn underlies a chronic undersupply of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. The neonatal morbidities associated with FGR depend on the timing of onset of placental dysfunction and growth restriction, its severity, and the gestation at birth of the infant. In this review, we explore the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of major neonatal morbidities in FGR, and their impact on the health of the infant. Fetal cardiovascular adaptation and altered organ development during gestation are principal contributors to postnatal consequences of FGR. Clinical presentation, diagnostic tools and management strategies of neonatal morbidities are presented. We also present information on the current status of targeted therapies. A better understanding of neonatal morbidities associated with FGR will enable early neonatal detection, monitoring and management of potential adverse outcomes in the newborn period and beyond.
KW - Brain injury
KW - Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
KW - Cardiac
KW - FGR
KW - IUGR
KW - Necrotizing enterocolitis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85064636813&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fendo.2019.00055
DO - 10.3389/fendo.2019.00055
M3 - Review Article
VL - 10
JO - Frontiers in Endocrinology
JF - Frontiers in Endocrinology
SN - 1664-2392
IS - FEB
M1 - 55
ER -