Abstract
Relationships for speed-flow, speed-fuel consumption (speed-carbon emission rates) and speed-accident occurrences for highway (expressway) driving conditions are reviewed. The optimal speeds for maximising traffic flow capacity on highly utilised expressways in Singapore lies in the range of 4565 km/h, a speed band that the Land Transport Authority (Singapore) uses in its Electronic Road Pricing (ERP). On the other hand, the optimal speed range lies between 50 and 75 km/h based on efficient fuel consumption. As for carbon emission rates of the vehicular flow, the optimal speed range is 5060 km/h. In terms of accident occurrences, the general norm is that low travel speeds as well as low speed variability are desirable. Experimental runs have shown that a relatively low speed band is preferred for greater fuel efficiency. Setting operating speeds that straddle the optimum regimes of capacity, safety and environmental sustainability suggests a range of 5060 km/h.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 80-88 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | The IES Journal Part A: Civil & Structural Engineering |
| Volume | 8 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2015 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- optimum speed range
- traffic flow capacity
- fuel efficiency
- carbon emission rate
- fuel economy
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