TY - JOUR
T1 - Modulating the chiral nanoarchitecture of cellulose nanocrystals through interaction with salts and polymer
AU - Lin, Maoqi
AU - Singh Raghuwanshi, Vikram
AU - Browne, Christine
AU - Simon, George P.
AU - Garnier, Gil
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the funding from Australian Research Council, and our industry partners: Visy, Norske Skog, Opal ? Industry Transformation Research Hub; Processing Advanced Lignocellulosic (PALS) [Grant Number IH170100020]. The authors acknowledge SEM support from Monash Centre for Electron Microscope, Monash University (Clayton), size exclusion chromatography support from Dr. Sepa Nanayakkara, Chemistry, Monash University. The authors thank to the SAXS/WAXS(Synchrotron) beamline measuring suspensions support and beam time from the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO) and SAXS at the Monash X-ray platform, Monash University (Clayton).
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the funding from Australian Research Council, and our industry partners: Visy, Norske Skog, Opal – Industry Transformation Research Hub; Processing Advanced Lignocellulosic (PALS) [Grant Number IH170100020]. The authors acknowledge SEM support from Monash Centre for Electron Microscope, Monash University (Clayton), size exclusion chromatography support from Dr. Sepa Nanayakkara, Chemistry, Monash University. The authors thank to the SAXS/WAXS(Synchrotron) beamline measuring suspensions support and beam time from the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO) and SAXS at the Monash X-ray platform, Monash University (Clayton).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2022/5
Y1 - 2022/5
N2 - Hypothesis: The conditions to allow self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) suspensions into chiral nematic structures are based on aspect ratio, surface charge density and a balance between repulsive and attractive forces between CNC particles. Experiments: Three types of systems were characterized in suspensions and subsequently in their solid dried films: 1) neat water dialyzed CNC, 2) CNC combined with polyethylene glycol(PEG) (CNC/PEG), and 3) CNC with added salt (CNC/Salt). All suspensions were characterized by polarized optical microscope (POM) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), while the resultant dried films were analyzed by reflectance spectrometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and SAXS. Findings: The presence of chiral nematic (CN*) structures was not observed in dialyzed aqueous suspensions of CNC during water evaporation. By introducing salts or a non-adsorbing polymer, chirality was apparent in both suspensions and films. The interaxial angle between CNC rods increased when the suspensions of CNC/PEG and CNC/salt were dried to solid films. The angle was found to be dependent on both species of ions and ionic strength, while the inter-particle distance was only related to the salt concentration, as explained in terms of interaction energies. The CNC suspensions/film chirality can be modulated by controlling the colloidal forces.
AB - Hypothesis: The conditions to allow self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) suspensions into chiral nematic structures are based on aspect ratio, surface charge density and a balance between repulsive and attractive forces between CNC particles. Experiments: Three types of systems were characterized in suspensions and subsequently in their solid dried films: 1) neat water dialyzed CNC, 2) CNC combined with polyethylene glycol(PEG) (CNC/PEG), and 3) CNC with added salt (CNC/Salt). All suspensions were characterized by polarized optical microscope (POM) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), while the resultant dried films were analyzed by reflectance spectrometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and SAXS. Findings: The presence of chiral nematic (CN*) structures was not observed in dialyzed aqueous suspensions of CNC during water evaporation. By introducing salts or a non-adsorbing polymer, chirality was apparent in both suspensions and films. The interaxial angle between CNC rods increased when the suspensions of CNC/PEG and CNC/salt were dried to solid films. The angle was found to be dependent on both species of ions and ionic strength, while the inter-particle distance was only related to the salt concentration, as explained in terms of interaction energies. The CNC suspensions/film chirality can be modulated by controlling the colloidal forces.
KW - Achiral and chiral nematic phase
KW - Cellulose Nanocrystal (CNC)
KW - Chirality
KW - Inorganic salts
KW - Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
KW - Self-assembly
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85122630739&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.182
DO - 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.182
M3 - Article
C2 - 35033766
AN - SCOPUS:85122630739
SN - 0021-9797
VL - 613
SP - 207
EP - 217
JO - Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
JF - Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
ER -