Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Encyclopedia of Life Sciences |
Place of Publication | Chichester UK |
Publisher | John Wiley & Sons |
Pages | 1-17 |
Number of pages | 17 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2013 |
Externally published | Yes |
Abstract
Drosophila melanogaster, the vinegar fly, has been utilised as a genetic amenable model organism for more than 100 years. In recent years, its use in modelling human cancer has been greatly expanding. In this article, an update of the recent advances in Drosophila research towards understanding cancer development is provided. Genetic analysis in Drosophila has provided considerable insight into the mechanisms controlling tissue growth and cell invasion/metastasis during tumourigenesis, as well as the importance of stem cells in tissue regeneration and cancer, and how genes cooperate in tumourigenesis. Several evolutionarily conserved signalling pathways are emerging as playing key roles in many of these processes, including the Jun kinase, Notch, Wnt, Jak/Stat and the Hippo tissue growth control pathway. Drosophila has also been specifically utilised to model certain human cancers, by expression of the human versions of cancer-causing genes, including multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2, glioblastoma and acute myeloid leukaemia. Finally, the use of Drosophila as a vehicle for anticancer drug discovery is beginning to make an important impact in combating human cancer.
Keywords
- Drosophila
- cancer
- cell polarity
- proliferation
- survival
- differentiation
- invasion/metastasis
- cell competition
- tumour microenvironment
- chemical screening