TY - JOUR
T1 - Mechanisms for metal removal established via electron microscopy and spectroscopy
T2 - a case study on metal tolerant fungi Penicillium simplicissimum
AU - Chen, Si Hui
AU - Cheow, Yuen Lin
AU - Ng, Si Ling
AU - Ting, Adeline Su Yien
PY - 2019/1/15
Y1 - 2019/1/15
N2 - Penicillium simplicissimum (isolate 10), a metal tolerant fungus, tolerated 1000 mg/L Cu and 500 mg/L Zn, but were inhibited by Cd (100 mg/L), evident by the Tolerance Index (TI) of 0.88, 0.83, and 0.08, respectively. Live cells of P. simplicissimum were more effective in removing Cr (88.6%), Pb (73.7%), Cu (63.8%), Cd (33.1%), and Zn (28.3%) than dead cells (5.3–61.7%). Microscopy approach via SEM-EDX and TEM-EDX suggested that metal removal involved biosorption and bioaccumulation, with metal precipitates detected on the cell wall, and in the cytoplasm and vacuoles. FTIR analysis revealed metals interacted with amino, carbonyl, hydroxyl, phosphoryl (except Cd) and nitro groups in the cell wall. Biosorption and bioaccumulation of metals by live cells reduced Cu and Pb toxicity, observed from good root and (4.00–4.28 cm) and shoot (8.07–8.36 cm) growth of Vigna radiata in the phytotoxicity assay.
AB - Penicillium simplicissimum (isolate 10), a metal tolerant fungus, tolerated 1000 mg/L Cu and 500 mg/L Zn, but were inhibited by Cd (100 mg/L), evident by the Tolerance Index (TI) of 0.88, 0.83, and 0.08, respectively. Live cells of P. simplicissimum were more effective in removing Cr (88.6%), Pb (73.7%), Cu (63.8%), Cd (33.1%), and Zn (28.3%) than dead cells (5.3–61.7%). Microscopy approach via SEM-EDX and TEM-EDX suggested that metal removal involved biosorption and bioaccumulation, with metal precipitates detected on the cell wall, and in the cytoplasm and vacuoles. FTIR analysis revealed metals interacted with amino, carbonyl, hydroxyl, phosphoryl (except Cd) and nitro groups in the cell wall. Biosorption and bioaccumulation of metals by live cells reduced Cu and Pb toxicity, observed from good root and (4.00–4.28 cm) and shoot (8.07–8.36 cm) growth of Vigna radiata in the phytotoxicity assay.
KW - Electron microscopy
KW - FTIR
KW - Penicillium simplicissimum
KW - Phytotoxicity
KW - Toxic metals
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85053547798&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.08.077
DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.08.077
M3 - Article
C2 - 30248661
AN - SCOPUS:85053547798
SN - 0304-3894
VL - 362
SP - 394
EP - 402
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials
ER -