TY - JOUR
T1 - Maternal Mortality and Morbidity by Cause in Provinces of Iran, 1990 to 2019
T2 - An Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
AU - Sepanlou, Sadaf G.
AU - Aliabadi, Hossein Rezaei
AU - Malekzadeh, Reza
AU - Naghavi, Mohsen
AU - Sepanlou, Sadaf G.
AU - Rezaei, Negar
AU - Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen
AU - Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab
AU - Abidi, Hassan
AU - Abolhassani, Hassan
AU - Ahmadi, Ali
AU - Ahmadi, Sepideh
AU - Alimohamadi, Yousef
AU - Amini, Saeed
AU - Arabloo, Jalal
AU - Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad
AU - Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin
AU - Azadnajafabad, Sina
AU - Azangou-Khyavy, Mohammadreza
AU - Jafari, Amirhossein Azari
AU - Baghcheghi, Nayereh
AU - Bagherieh, Sara
AU - Didehdar, Mojtaba
AU - Djalalinia, Shirin
AU - Dorostkar, Fariba
AU - Falahi, Shahab
AU - Farahmand, Mohammad
AU - Faramarzi, Mahbobeh
AU - Fatehizadeh, Ali
AU - Foroutan, Masoud
AU - Ghamari, Azin
AU - Nour, Mohammad Ghasemi
AU - Ghashghaee, Ahmad
AU - Golitaleb, Mohamad
AU - Hosseini, Mohammad Salar
AU - Jafari, Reza
AU - Janghorban, Roksana
AU - Kabir, Ali
AU - Kalankesh, Leila R.
AU - Kavetskyy, Taras
AU - Keikavoosi-Arani, Leila
AU - Keykhaei, Mohammad
AU - Khalilov, Rovshan
AU - Koohestani, Hamid Reza
AU - Madadizadeh, Farzan
AU - Mahmoodpoor, Ata
AU - Mahmoudi, Razzagh
AU - Rad, Elaheh Malakan
AU - Malih, Narges
AU - Mansouri, Borhan
AU - Nasab, Entezar Mehrabi
AU - Mirmoeeni, Seyyedmohammadsadeq
AU - Mobarakabadi, Maryam
AU - Mohamadi, Jasem
AU - Mohammadi, Mohammad Javad
AU - Mohammadi, Seyyede Momeneh
AU - Mohammadi, Esmaeil
AU - Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah
AU - Mohammadpourhodki, Reza
AU - Momtazmanesh, Sara
AU - Moradi, Maryam
AU - Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah
AU - Najafi, Houshang
AU - Nazari, Javad
AU - Okati-Aliabad, Hassan
AU - Oladnabi, Morteza
AU - Kan, Fatemeh Pashazadeh
AU - Rafiei, Sima
AU - Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa
AU - Rahmani, Shayan
AU - Rahmanian, Vahid
AU - Kalankesh, Laleh Ranandeh
AU - Razeghinia, Mohammad Sadegh
AU - Refaei, Mansoureh
AU - Rezaei, Maryam
AU - Rezaei, Zahed
AU - Sahebazzamani, Maryam
AU - Sahebkar, Amirhossein
AU - Saki, Morteza
AU - Saleem, Shemaila
AU - Saleem, Tamkeen
AU - Salehi, Maryam
AU - Sepandi, Mojtaba
AU - Shahin, Sarvenaz
AU - Shahrokhi, Shayan
AU - Sharhani, Asaad
AU - Shirzad-Aski, Hesamaddin
AU - Shobeiri, Parnian
AU - Soltani-Zangbar, Mohammad Sadegh
AU - Tahan, Mohammad
AU - Taheri, Majid
AU - Mirghaed, Masood Taheri
AU - Tavakoli, Ahmad
AU - Vaezi, Maryam
AU - Vahedi, Parviz
AU - Tahbaz, Sahel Valadan
AU - Valizadeh, Rohollah
AU - Yahyazadeh, Hossein
AU - Zamanian, Maryam
AU - Zokaei, Shaghayegh
AU - Zoladi, Mohammad
AU - Naghavi, Mohsen
AU - GBD 2019 Iran Maternal Collaborators
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Academy of Medical Sciences of I.R. Iran. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/9/1
Y1 - 2022/9/1
N2 - Background: Since 1990, maternal mortality ratio (MMR) has significantly decreased in Iran. However, estimates for mortality and morbidity by cause at subnational scale are not available. Methods: This study is part of the Global Burden of Diseases study (GBD) 2019. Here we report maternal mortality and morbidity by age and cause across 31 provinces of Iran from 1990 to 2019. Results: Since 1990, MMR declined from 44.5 (95% UI: 38.6-50.1) to 15.9 (14.7-17.3) per 100 000 live births in Iran. In 1990 MMR ranged from 18.5 (11.2-26.4) to 76.9 (38.4-114.7) per 100 000 live births across provinces. Respective figures for 2019 were 7.1 (5.2-9.3) to 34.0 (25.1-44.7) per 100 000 live births. In 2019, MMR was higher in young women (aged 10 to 14) and older women (aged 45 or more). Percentages of deaths under 25 years was 24.8% in 1990 and 16.0% in 2019. There was remarkable decline in years lost due to premature death (YLL) rates from 1990 to 2019. While the decline was modest for years lived with disability (YLD) rates. Indirect maternal deaths and other maternal deaths ranked first or second in almost all provinces. Ultimately, there was an evident decrease in MMR along with increase in socio-demographic Index (SDI) from 1990 to 2019 in all provinces and an evident convergence across provinces. Conclusion: MMR has declined to levels much lower than Sustainable Development Goals in all provinces. Although there was a convergence in trends, there are still disparities across provinces. The decline in disabilities caused by maternal disorders is not as significant as mortality, which needs further actions.
AB - Background: Since 1990, maternal mortality ratio (MMR) has significantly decreased in Iran. However, estimates for mortality and morbidity by cause at subnational scale are not available. Methods: This study is part of the Global Burden of Diseases study (GBD) 2019. Here we report maternal mortality and morbidity by age and cause across 31 provinces of Iran from 1990 to 2019. Results: Since 1990, MMR declined from 44.5 (95% UI: 38.6-50.1) to 15.9 (14.7-17.3) per 100 000 live births in Iran. In 1990 MMR ranged from 18.5 (11.2-26.4) to 76.9 (38.4-114.7) per 100 000 live births across provinces. Respective figures for 2019 were 7.1 (5.2-9.3) to 34.0 (25.1-44.7) per 100 000 live births. In 2019, MMR was higher in young women (aged 10 to 14) and older women (aged 45 or more). Percentages of deaths under 25 years was 24.8% in 1990 and 16.0% in 2019. There was remarkable decline in years lost due to premature death (YLL) rates from 1990 to 2019. While the decline was modest for years lived with disability (YLD) rates. Indirect maternal deaths and other maternal deaths ranked first or second in almost all provinces. Ultimately, there was an evident decrease in MMR along with increase in socio-demographic Index (SDI) from 1990 to 2019 in all provinces and an evident convergence across provinces. Conclusion: MMR has declined to levels much lower than Sustainable Development Goals in all provinces. Although there was a convergence in trends, there are still disparities across provinces. The decline in disabilities caused by maternal disorders is not as significant as mortality, which needs further actions.
KW - Global Burden of Disease
KW - Iran
KW - Maternal health services
KW - Maternal mortality
KW - Sustainable development
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85144927985&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.34172/aim.2022.93
DO - 10.34172/aim.2022.93
M3 - Article
C2 - 37543883
AN - SCOPUS:85144927985
SN - 1029-2977
VL - 25
SP - 578
EP - 590
JO - Archives of Iranian Medicine
JF - Archives of Iranian Medicine
IS - 9
ER -