TY - JOUR
T1 - Major New Microbial Groups Expand Diversity and Alter our Understanding of the Tree of Life
AU - Castelle, Cindy J.
AU - Banfield, Jillian F.
N1 - Funding Information:
Support was provided by grants from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory’s Genomes-to-Watershed Scientific Focus Area . The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science , and Office of Biological and Environmental Research funded the work under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 and the DOE carbon cycling program DOE-SC10010566 , the Innovative Genomics Institute at Berkeley and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for excellent input to this manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2018/3/8
Y1 - 2018/3/8
N2 - The recent recovery of genomes for organisms from phyla with no isolated representative (candidate phyla) via cultivation-independent genomics enabled delineation of major new microbial lineages, namely the bacterial candidate phyla radiation (CPR), DPANN archaea, and Asgard archaea. CPR and DPANN organisms are inferred to be mostly symbionts, and some are episymbionts of other microbial community members. Asgard genomes encode typically eukaryotic systems, and their inclusion in phylogenetic analyses results in placement of eukaryotes as a branch within Archaea. Here, we illustrate how new genomes have changed the structure of the tree of life and altered our understanding of biology, evolution, and metabolic roles in biogeochemical processes. Recent advances in genome-resolved metagenomics and single-cell genomics have dramatically expanded the tree of life, uncovering new major lineages of Bacteria and Archaea. In this Perspective, Castelle and Banfield explore how this explosion of new genome sequence information is revolutionizing our view of microbial metabolism in global biogeochemical cycles, the relationships among members of natural microbial communities, and the evolution of life.
AB - The recent recovery of genomes for organisms from phyla with no isolated representative (candidate phyla) via cultivation-independent genomics enabled delineation of major new microbial lineages, namely the bacterial candidate phyla radiation (CPR), DPANN archaea, and Asgard archaea. CPR and DPANN organisms are inferred to be mostly symbionts, and some are episymbionts of other microbial community members. Asgard genomes encode typically eukaryotic systems, and their inclusion in phylogenetic analyses results in placement of eukaryotes as a branch within Archaea. Here, we illustrate how new genomes have changed the structure of the tree of life and altered our understanding of biology, evolution, and metabolic roles in biogeochemical processes. Recent advances in genome-resolved metagenomics and single-cell genomics have dramatically expanded the tree of life, uncovering new major lineages of Bacteria and Archaea. In this Perspective, Castelle and Banfield explore how this explosion of new genome sequence information is revolutionizing our view of microbial metabolism in global biogeochemical cycles, the relationships among members of natural microbial communities, and the evolution of life.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85043303025&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cell.2018.02.016
DO - 10.1016/j.cell.2018.02.016
M3 - Review Article
C2 - 29522741
AN - SCOPUS:85043303025
SN - 0092-8674
VL - 172
SP - 1181
EP - 1197
JO - Cell
JF - Cell
IS - 6
ER -