Longitudinal hippocampal and fornix changes after Traumatic Brain Injury: observations from traditional structural magnetic resonance imaging

Mild to moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI) often results in diffuse axonal injury and post-traumatic amnesia, with short- and long-term cognitive and neurological impairment. Whilst there are a variety of neuroimaging-based computerized techniques by which to investigate longitudinal brain changes after brain insult, there are some which can be appreciated by the naked eye from traditional T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance (MR) imaging without the need for further image manipulation or analysis. In this article we review such regions with a focus on the hippocampus and fornix based on longitudinal structural MR images from patients who have sustained a mild to moderate TBI.