Long-term outcomes of end-stage kidney disease for patients with lupus nephritis

Lei Zhang, Gavin Lee, Xusheng Liu, Elaine M Pascoe, Sunil V Badve, Neil C. Boudville, Philip Andrew Clayton, Carmel Mary Hawley, John Kanellis, Stephen Peter McDonald, Chen Au Peh, Kevan R. Polkinghorne, David W. Johnson

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Abstract

Patient outcomes in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) secondary to lupus nephritis have not been well described. To help define this we compared dialysis and transplant outcomes of patients with ESKD due to lupus nephritis to all other causes. All patients diagnosed with ESKD who commenced renal replacement therapy in Australia and New Zealand (1963–2012) were included. Clinical outcomes were evaluated in both a contemporary cohort (1998–2012) and the entire 50-year cohort. Of 64,160 included patients, 744 had lupus nephritis as the primary renal disease. For the contemporary cohort of 425 patients with lupus nephritis, the 5-year dialysis patient survival rate was 69%. Of 176 contemporary patients with lupus nephritis who received their first renal allograft, the 5-year patient, overall renal allograft, and death-censored renal allograft survival rates were 95%, 88%, and 93%, respectively. Patients with lupus nephritis had worse dialysis patient survival (adjusted hazard ratio 1.33, 95% confidence interval 1.12–1.58) and renal transplant patient survival (adjusted hazard ratio 1.87, 95% confidence interval 1.18–2.98), but comparable overall renal allograft survival (adjusted hazard ratio 1.19, 95% confidence interval 0.84–1.68) and death-censored renal allograft survival (adjusted hazard ratio 1.05, 95% confidence interval 0.68–1.62) compared with ESKD controls. Similar results were found in the entire cohort and when using competing-risks analysis. Thus, the ESKD of lupus nephritis was associated with worse dialysis and transplant patient survival but comparable renal allograft survival compared with other causes of ESKD.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1337-1345
Number of pages9
JournalKidney International
Volume89
Issue number6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jun 2016

Keywords

  • dialysis
  • disease recurrence
  • end-stage kidney disease
  • kidney transplantation
  • outcomes
  • renal transplantation
  • systemic lupus erythematosus

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