Linking participatory action research, global education, and social justice: emerging issues from practice

This article focuses on the practical, ontological, and epistemological similarities
and differences between global education and participatory action research
(PAR). The paper starts by presenting classical definitions of action research,
highlighting their similarities with the ideas of global education. Considering the
aim of global education is to promote social justice and to improve the social and
educational chances of groups at risk of marginalization, participatory methods
can help to involve such groups in research in an ethical and effective way. The
paper ends with two examples in formal and non-formal education that show
that PAR can be used to address the underlying transformative and social action
principles of global education, but the principles must be adjusted to meet the
needs of the participants and the context.