TY - JOUR
T1 - Investigation of flame structure and stabilisation characteristics of palm methyl esters diffusion flames
AU - Lee, Chia Chun
AU - Tran, Manh-Vu
AU - Nurmukan, Dastan
AU - Tan, Boon Thong
AU - Chong, Cheng Tung
AU - Scribano, Gianfranco
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2022/4/1
Y1 - 2022/4/1
N2 - Experiment and numerical analysis were conducted to investigate the flame structure and stabilisation characteristics of palm methyl esters (PME) diffusion flame. In the experiment, nitrogen-diluted biodiesel mixtures with fuel mole fraction range from 0.02 to 0.03 were supplied to the nozzle through a pre-heated pipeline at a temperature of 550 K. The results showed that the stabilisation of the PME lifted flames was mainly controlled by the jet momentum, especially in the jet developed region, whereas the role of the buoyancy in the stabilisation of the lifted flame was not significant. In the simulation, biodiesel lifted flames were modelled using open-source tool, laminarSMOKE in OpenFOAM. Numerical analysis revealed that the stabilisation mechanism of the lifted flames at jet momentum dominated regime could be based on the factors that affect the edge flame propagation speed, such as mixture strength and fuel Lewis number. Additional numerical simulations were also carried out to investigate the role of each fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) component on the liftoff behaviour, and it was found that the unsaturated FAME, methyl oleate, has a lower liftoff height compared to the saturated FAME, methyl palmitate due to the higher reactivity of the methyl oleate.
AB - Experiment and numerical analysis were conducted to investigate the flame structure and stabilisation characteristics of palm methyl esters (PME) diffusion flame. In the experiment, nitrogen-diluted biodiesel mixtures with fuel mole fraction range from 0.02 to 0.03 were supplied to the nozzle through a pre-heated pipeline at a temperature of 550 K. The results showed that the stabilisation of the PME lifted flames was mainly controlled by the jet momentum, especially in the jet developed region, whereas the role of the buoyancy in the stabilisation of the lifted flame was not significant. In the simulation, biodiesel lifted flames were modelled using open-source tool, laminarSMOKE in OpenFOAM. Numerical analysis revealed that the stabilisation mechanism of the lifted flames at jet momentum dominated regime could be based on the factors that affect the edge flame propagation speed, such as mixture strength and fuel Lewis number. Additional numerical simulations were also carried out to investigate the role of each fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) component on the liftoff behaviour, and it was found that the unsaturated FAME, methyl oleate, has a lower liftoff height compared to the saturated FAME, methyl palmitate due to the higher reactivity of the methyl oleate.
KW - laminarSMOKE
KW - Liftoff height
KW - OpenFOAM
KW - Palm methyl esters
KW - Stabilisation characteristics
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85121925300&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.123034
DO - 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.123034
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85121925300
SN - 0016-2361
VL - 313
JO - Fuel
JF - Fuel
M1 - 123034
ER -