TY - JOUR
T1 - Intercellular communication via the endo-lysosomal system: Translocation of granzymes through membrane barriers
AU - Stewart, Sarah
AU - D'Angelo, Michael
AU - Bird, Phillip
PY - 2012
Y1 - 2012
N2 - Cytotoxic lymphocytes (CLs) are responsible for the clearance of virally infected or neoplastic cells. CLs possess specialised lysosome-related organelles called granules which contain the granzyme family of serine proteases and perforin. Granzymes may induce apoptosis in the target cell when delivered by the pore forming protein, perforin. Here we follow the perforin-granzyme pathway from synthesis and storage in the granule, to exocytosis and finally delivery into the target cell. This review focuses on the controversial subject of perforin-mediated translocation of granzymes into the target cell cytoplasm It remains unclear whether this occurs at the cell surface with granzymes moving through a perforin pore in the plasma membrane, or if it involves internalisation of perforin and granzymes and subsequent release from an endocytic compartment. The latter mechanism would represent an example of cross talk between the endo-lysosomal pathways of individual cells. Proteolysis 50years after the discovery of lysosome.
AB - Cytotoxic lymphocytes (CLs) are responsible for the clearance of virally infected or neoplastic cells. CLs possess specialised lysosome-related organelles called granules which contain the granzyme family of serine proteases and perforin. Granzymes may induce apoptosis in the target cell when delivered by the pore forming protein, perforin. Here we follow the perforin-granzyme pathway from synthesis and storage in the granule, to exocytosis and finally delivery into the target cell. This review focuses on the controversial subject of perforin-mediated translocation of granzymes into the target cell cytoplasm It remains unclear whether this occurs at the cell surface with granzymes moving through a perforin pore in the plasma membrane, or if it involves internalisation of perforin and granzymes and subsequent release from an endocytic compartment. The latter mechanism would represent an example of cross talk between the endo-lysosomal pathways of individual cells. Proteolysis 50years after the discovery of lysosome.
UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21683168
U2 - 10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.05.020
DO - 10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.05.020
M3 - Article
VL - 1824
SP - 59
EP - 67
JO - BBA Proteins and Proteomics
JF - BBA Proteins and Proteomics
SN - 1570-9639
IS - 1
ER -