Instability in centrifugally stable shear flows

We investigate the linear instability of flows that are stable according to Rayleigh’s criterion for rotating fluids. Using Taylor–Couette flow as a primary test case, we develop large-Reynolds-number-matched asymptotic expansion theories. Our theoretical results not only aid in detecting instabilities previously reported by Deguchi (Phys. Rev. E, vol 95, 2017, p. 021102(R)) across a wide parameter range, but also clarify the physical mechanisms behind this counterintuitive phenomenon. Instability arises from the interaction between large-scale inviscid vortices and the viscous flow structure near the wall, which is analogous to Tollmien–Schlichting waves. Furthermore, our asymptotic theories and numerical computations reveal that similar instability mechanisms occur in boundary layer flows over convex walls.