TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of stagnation on the diversity of cyanobacteria in drinking water treatment plant sludge
AU - Jalili, Farhad
AU - Trigui, Hana
AU - Maldonado, Juan Francisco Guerra
AU - Dorner, Sarah
AU - Zamyadi, Arash
AU - Shapiro, B. Jesse
AU - Terrat, Yves
AU - Fortin, Nathalie
AU - Sauvé, Sébastien
AU - Prévost, Michèle
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was funded by Algal Blooms, Treatment, Risk Assessment, Prediction, and Prevention through Genomics (ATRAPP), Genome Canada and Génome Québec, (grant number: 10512).
Funding Information:
The authors sincerely acknowledge the financial support of Algal Blooms, Treatment, Risk Assessment, Prediction, and Prevention through Genomics (ATRAPP) (Genome Canada and Génome Québec). Also, the authors greatly thank the staff at NSERC Industrial Chair on Drinking Water at Polytechnique Montréal, Shapiro lab, GRIL lab, Dana F. Simon, Quoc Tuc Dinh (University of Montréal), Irina Moukhina (Université du Québec à Montréal), Stephanie Messina Pacheco (National Research Council Canada), and operators of the studied plant.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors.
PY - 2022/10/30
Y1 - 2022/10/30
N2 - Health-related concerns about cyanobacteria-laden sludge of drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) have been raised in the past few years. Microscopic taxonomy, shotgun metagenomic sequencing, and microcystin (MC) measurement were applied to study the fate of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins after controlled sludge storage (stagnation) in the dark in a full-scale drinking water treatment plant within 7 to 38 days. For four out of eight dates, cyanobacterial cell growth was observed by total taxonomic cell counts during sludge stagnation. The highest observed cell growth was 96% after 16 days of stagnation. Cell growth was dominated by potential MC producers such as Microcystis, Aphanocapsa, Chroococcus, and Dolichospermum. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing unveiled that stagnation stress shifts the cyanobacterial communities from the stress-sensitive Nostocales (e.g., Dolichospermum) order towards less compromised orders and potential MC producers such as Chroococcales (e.g., Microcystis) and Synechococcales (e.g., Synechococcus). The relative increase of cyanotoxin producers presents a health challenge when the supernatant of the stored sludge is recycled to the head of the DWTP or discharged into the source. These findings emphasize the importance of a strategy to manage cyanobacteria-laden sludge and suggest practical approaches should be adopted to control health/environmental impacts of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in sludge.
AB - Health-related concerns about cyanobacteria-laden sludge of drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) have been raised in the past few years. Microscopic taxonomy, shotgun metagenomic sequencing, and microcystin (MC) measurement were applied to study the fate of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins after controlled sludge storage (stagnation) in the dark in a full-scale drinking water treatment plant within 7 to 38 days. For four out of eight dates, cyanobacterial cell growth was observed by total taxonomic cell counts during sludge stagnation. The highest observed cell growth was 96% after 16 days of stagnation. Cell growth was dominated by potential MC producers such as Microcystis, Aphanocapsa, Chroococcus, and Dolichospermum. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing unveiled that stagnation stress shifts the cyanobacterial communities from the stress-sensitive Nostocales (e.g., Dolichospermum) order towards less compromised orders and potential MC producers such as Chroococcales (e.g., Microcystis) and Synechococcales (e.g., Synechococcus). The relative increase of cyanotoxin producers presents a health challenge when the supernatant of the stored sludge is recycled to the head of the DWTP or discharged into the source. These findings emphasize the importance of a strategy to manage cyanobacteria-laden sludge and suggest practical approaches should be adopted to control health/environmental impacts of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in sludge.
KW - microcystins
KW - shotgun metagenomic sequencing
KW - sludge
KW - storage
KW - taxonomic cell counts
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85141645921&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/toxins14110749
DO - 10.3390/toxins14110749
M3 - Article
C2 - 36355999
AN - SCOPUS:85141645921
SN - 2072-6651
VL - 14
JO - Toxins
JF - Toxins
IS - 11
M1 - 749
ER -