Identification of a novel antimicrobial peptide Gp-AMP1 with broad-spectrum and exceptional stability from deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons

As crucial components of the innate immunity of animals, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offer a promising alternative to chemical antibiotics in both clinical and food-industry applications. Notably, deep-sea invertebrates—particularly those that form close symbiosis with specific bacteria—have emerged as a novel source for discovering unique AMPs. Here, a novel AMP, Gp-AMP1, was isolated from the deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons , and characterized for its broad-spectrum bactericidal properties against multiple pathogenic or spoilage bacteria. Further investigations revealed that Gp-AMP1 effectively compromises bacterial cell membranes and elevates intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, leading to bacterial cell death. Additionally, Gp-AMP1 demonstrates robust thermal and pH stability, low cytotoxicity, and minimal hemolytic activity, and could significantly inhibit the growth of spoilage bacteria of pork. These findings highlight the potential of Gp-AMP1 as a promising antibiotic candidate for meat preservation and medical applications, while also underscoring the value of deep-sea invertebrates as a rich source of novel AMPs.