TY - JOUR
T1 - Hummingbird-leaves-reared black soldier fly prepupae
T2 - Assessment of nutritional and heavy metal compositions
AU - Kuppusamy, Giva
AU - Kong, Chee Kei
AU - Segaran, Ganeswaran Chandra
AU - Tarmalingam, Eliyarajan
AU - Herriman, Max
AU - Ismail, Mohd Fathil
AU - Khan, Tahir Mehmood
AU - Low, Liang Ee
AU - Goh, Bey Hing
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This work was supported by the International Foundation For Science Research Grant (No. J-2-B-6029-1) & Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS/1/2019/WAB09/MUSM/02/1).
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the International Foundation For Science Research Grant (No. J-2-B-6029-1) & Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS/1/2019/WAB09/MUSM/02/1).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/9/5
Y1 - 2020/9/5
N2 - Black soldier fly (BSF) larva is an attractive animal feed replacer due to its noticeable nutritional content. However, the conventional rearing method often resulted in BSF with undesirably high heavy metal residues that are harmful to animals. In this work, putrefied Sesbania grandiflora (S. Grandiflora) leaves were employed as feed to rear BSF larvae. The resultant BSF prepupae were found to contain 43.5% protein and 16.7% fat, reflecting a comparable protein content and a 2-fold reduction in crude fat than those reared using conventional kitchen waste. Moreover, high quantities of arginine (25.4 g/kg dry matter basis (DM)), carnitine (32.9 g/kg DM), and short-chain fatty acids, including lauric (40.00%), palmitic (19.20%), and oleic (12.10%) acids, have also been noticed in the BSF prepupae. Furthermore, the BSF larvae have been recorded with 0.185 mg/kg chromium, 0.380 mg/kg selenium, and mercury below the detection limit, which is far lower than those reared using conventional kitchen and agricultural wastes (≈1.7 mg/kg chromium, 1.2 mg/kg selenium, and 0.2 mg/kg mercury). Overall, the study shows that the nutritional quality of BSF prepupae is extensively improved when using S. Grandiflora as their feed. The resultant BSF prepupae may serve as an alternative feed for animal rearing.
AB - Black soldier fly (BSF) larva is an attractive animal feed replacer due to its noticeable nutritional content. However, the conventional rearing method often resulted in BSF with undesirably high heavy metal residues that are harmful to animals. In this work, putrefied Sesbania grandiflora (S. Grandiflora) leaves were employed as feed to rear BSF larvae. The resultant BSF prepupae were found to contain 43.5% protein and 16.7% fat, reflecting a comparable protein content and a 2-fold reduction in crude fat than those reared using conventional kitchen waste. Moreover, high quantities of arginine (25.4 g/kg dry matter basis (DM)), carnitine (32.9 g/kg DM), and short-chain fatty acids, including lauric (40.00%), palmitic (19.20%), and oleic (12.10%) acids, have also been noticed in the BSF prepupae. Furthermore, the BSF larvae have been recorded with 0.185 mg/kg chromium, 0.380 mg/kg selenium, and mercury below the detection limit, which is far lower than those reared using conventional kitchen and agricultural wastes (≈1.7 mg/kg chromium, 1.2 mg/kg selenium, and 0.2 mg/kg mercury). Overall, the study shows that the nutritional quality of BSF prepupae is extensively improved when using S. Grandiflora as their feed. The resultant BSF prepupae may serve as an alternative feed for animal rearing.
KW - Agriculture
KW - Black soldier fly
KW - Insect meal
KW - Nutrition
KW - Sesbania grandiflora
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85090297459&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/biology9090274
DO - 10.3390/biology9090274
M3 - Article
C2 - 32899563
AN - SCOPUS:85090297459
SN - 2079-7737
VL - 9
JO - Biology
JF - Biology
IS - 9
M1 - 274
ER -