TY - JOUR
T1 - Highly spatially resolved emission inventory of selected air pollutants in Kuala Lumpur's urban environment
AU - Azhari, Azliyana
AU - Abdul Halim, Nor Diana
AU - Othman, Murnira
AU - Latif, Mohd Talib
AU - Juneng, Liew
AU - Md Sofwan, Nurzawani
AU - Stocker, Jenny
AU - Johnson, Kate
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors gratefully acknowledge the Newton-Ungku Omar Fund administered by the Malaysian Industry-Government Group for High Technology (MIGHT) and Innovate UK for their support in the research project titled Disaster Resilient Cities: Forecasting Local Level Climate Extremes and Physical Hazards for Kuala Lumpur (XX-2017-002). The authors would like to express their extreme gratitude to the Malaysian Department of the Environment (DOE), the Ministry of Works (KKR) and Integrated Transportation Information System (ITIS), Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL) Malaysia for permission to use their air quality data, industrial emissions data and traffic data. Map data used is copyrighted by ©OpenStreetMap contributors and available from https://www.openstreetmap.org. Special thanks to Ms K Alexander for proofreading this manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Turkish National Committee for Air Pollution Research and Control
PY - 2021/2
Y1 - 2021/2
N2 - Atmospheric pollutant emissions from industry and traffic are causing pressing air quality and climate issues in urban areas. This study aims to estimate the emissions from road transport and small industry in Kuala Lumpur, and to review the spatial distribution of the estimated emissions. The emission data for 2015 from small industries and road traffic for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and NOx was collated, processed and then aggregated at a 1 km2 resolution using the Geographic Information System (GIS) and emissions inventory database software tools: ArcGIS and the Emission Inventory Toolkit (EMIT) respectively. The results from this study show that the total emissions for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and NOx are 8234.4, 3991.7, 2589.3, 5168.8, and 56927 t/y respectively, where close to 99% of the total estimated emissions originated from road traffic sources. On average, Kuala Lumpur population emit 4.55, 2.21, 1.43, 2.86 and 31.5 kg/y/person of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and NOx respectively which are in range with per capita emission of pollutants in other cities in the world such as Kolkata and Ho Chi Minh City. The spatial resolution of estimated emissions are mainly concentrated in the central grid cells of Kuala Lumpur and in good agreement with road pollution sources. The results show that the majority of the emissions arise from road sources, mainly because emission from other source types have been neglected and data is unavailable.
AB - Atmospheric pollutant emissions from industry and traffic are causing pressing air quality and climate issues in urban areas. This study aims to estimate the emissions from road transport and small industry in Kuala Lumpur, and to review the spatial distribution of the estimated emissions. The emission data for 2015 from small industries and road traffic for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and NOx was collated, processed and then aggregated at a 1 km2 resolution using the Geographic Information System (GIS) and emissions inventory database software tools: ArcGIS and the Emission Inventory Toolkit (EMIT) respectively. The results from this study show that the total emissions for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and NOx are 8234.4, 3991.7, 2589.3, 5168.8, and 56927 t/y respectively, where close to 99% of the total estimated emissions originated from road traffic sources. On average, Kuala Lumpur population emit 4.55, 2.21, 1.43, 2.86 and 31.5 kg/y/person of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and NOx respectively which are in range with per capita emission of pollutants in other cities in the world such as Kolkata and Ho Chi Minh City. The spatial resolution of estimated emissions are mainly concentrated in the central grid cells of Kuala Lumpur and in good agreement with road pollution sources. The results show that the majority of the emissions arise from road sources, mainly because emission from other source types have been neglected and data is unavailable.
KW - Air pollution
KW - Emission inventory
KW - Spatial distribution
KW - Urban environment
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85092903798&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.apr.2020.10.004
DO - 10.1016/j.apr.2020.10.004
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85092903798
VL - 12
SP - 12
EP - 22
JO - Atmospheric Pollution Research
JF - Atmospheric Pollution Research
SN - 1309-1042
IS - 2
ER -
