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Herald: Democratizing Compositional Reasoning for Visual Tasks without Any Training

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference PaperResearchpeer-review

Abstract

Premium large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 offer impressive multimodal performance, yet their paywall limits both accessibility and reproducibility. We ask whether a coalition of freely-accessible LLMs-each individually noisy and uncertain-can collectively rival or surpass their premium counterparts when treated as collaborative, on-the-fly programmers. We present Herald, a framework that (i) primes a diverse pool of zero-cost API LLMs with chain-of-thought cues, (ii) harvests their responses as human-readable Python fragments, control-flow branches, and live API calls, and (iii) employs a rank-and-fuse module to assemble the best fragments into a single executable script. The resulting program is executed by an Executor that produces the task output and a fully inspectable reasoning trace. Without any additional training, Herald tackles heterogeneous vision workloads-image editing, semantic tagging, and medical triage-and achieves state-of-the-art or better accuracy on both medical and non-medical benchmarks. By transforming latent model competence into legible artefacts, Herald enables a transparent interaction style that invites user scrutiny, iterative refinement, and accountable auditing. All code and reproducible workflows are released at https://github.com/tgy1221/Herald, offering an open, resourceefficient alternative to premium LLM services.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationProceedings of 2025 Asia Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA ASC )
EditorsJun Wei Yeow, Junwei Ji, Ziyi Yang, Haowen Li, Boxiang Wang, Yi-Wen Chao, Yanfeng Lu, Paul Chan
Place of PublicationPiscataway NJ USA
PublisherIEEE, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Pages1374-1379
Number of pages6
ISBN (Electronic)9798331572068
ISBN (Print)9798331572075
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2025
EventAnnual Summit and Conference of the Asia-Pacific-Signal-and-Information-Processing-Association (APSIPA) 2025
- Singapore, Singapore
Duration: 22 Oct 202524 Oct 2025
Conference number: 17th
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/conhome/11248853/proceeding (Proceedings)
https://www.apsipa2025.org/wp/ (Website)

Publication series

Name2025 Asia Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference, APSIPA ASC 2025
PublisherIEEE, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
ISSN (Print)2640-009X
ISSN (Electronic)2640-0103

Conference

ConferenceAnnual Summit and Conference of the Asia-Pacific-Signal-and-Information-Processing-Association (APSIPA) 2025
Abbreviated titleAPSIPA ASC 2025
Country/TerritorySingapore
CitySingapore
Period22/10/2524/10/25
Internet address

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