GW Ori: Circumtriple rings and planets

Jeremy L. Smallwood; Rebecca Nealon; Cheng Chen; Rebecca G. Martin; Jiaqing Bi; Ruobing Dong; Christophe Pinte

doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2624

GW Ori: Circumtriple rings and planets

Jeremy L. Smallwood, Rebecca Nealon, Cheng Chen, Rebecca G. Martin, Jiaqing Bi, Ruobing Dong, Christophe Pinte

School of Physics and Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer-review

20 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

GW Ori is a hierarchical triple star system with a misaligned circumtriple protoplanetary disc. Recent Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations have identified three dust rings with a prominent gap at 100 au and misalignments between each of the rings. A break in the gas disc may be driven by the torque from either the triple star system or a planet that is massive enough to carve a gap in the disc. Once the disc is broken, the rings nodally precess on different time-scales and become misaligned. We investigate the origins of the dust rings by means of N-body integrations and 3D hydrodynamic simulations. We find that for observationally motivated parameters of protoplanetary discs, the disc does not break due to the torque from the star system. We suggest that the presence of a massive planet (or planets) in the disc separates the inner and outer discs. We conclude that the disc breaking in GW Ori is likely caused by undetected planets – the first planet(s) in a circumtriple orbit.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	392-407
Number of pages	16
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	508
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2624
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2021

Keywords

Accretion
Accretion discs
Hydrodynamics
Planet–disc interactions
Stars: individual: GW Ori

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10.1093/mnras/stab2624Licence: CC BY

Cite this

@article{be193a82d3d14b9aa8a90a0cd26b6f0b,

title = "GW Ori: Circumtriple rings and planets",

abstract = "GW Ori is a hierarchical triple star system with a misaligned circumtriple protoplanetary disc. Recent Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations have identified three dust rings with a prominent gap at 100 au and misalignments between each of the rings. A break in the gas disc may be driven by the torque from either the triple star system or a planet that is massive enough to carve a gap in the disc. Once the disc is broken, the rings nodally precess on different time-scales and become misaligned. We investigate the origins of the dust rings by means of N-body integrations and 3D hydrodynamic simulations. We find that for observationally motivated parameters of protoplanetary discs, the disc does not break due to the torque from the star system. We suggest that the presence of a massive planet (or planets) in the disc separates the inner and outer discs. We conclude that the disc breaking in GW Ori is likely caused by undetected planets – the first planet(s) in a circumtriple orbit.",

keywords = "Accretion, Accretion discs, Hydrodynamics, Planet–disc interactions, Stars: individual: GW Ori",

author = "Smallwood, {Jeremy L.} and Rebecca Nealon and Cheng Chen and Martin, {Rebecca G.} and Jiaqing Bi and Ruobing Dong and Christophe Pinte",

note = "Funding Information: We thank the anonymous referee for helpful suggestions that positively impacted the work. The authors thank Alison Young for providing details of her simulations. The three-body integrations in this work made use of the REBOUND code that can be downloaded freely from http://github.com/hannorein/rebound. Computer support was provided by UNLV?s National Supercomputing Center. We acknowledge the use of SPLASH (Price 2007) for the rendering of Figs 6, 9, 13, and 16 as well as PYMCFOST for Fig. 12. RN acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union?s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 681601) and subsequent support from UKRI/EPSRC through a Stephen Hawking Fellowship (EP/T017287/1). RD acknowledges the financial support provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. CP acknowledges funding from the Australian Research Council via FT170100040 and DP180104235. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

year = "2021",

month = nov,

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doi = "10.1093/mnras/stab2624",

language = "English",

volume = "508",

pages = "392--407",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

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T2 - Circumtriple rings and planets

AU - Smallwood, Jeremy L.

AU - Nealon, Rebecca

AU - Chen, Cheng

AU - Martin, Rebecca G.

AU - Bi, Jiaqing

AU - Dong, Ruobing

AU - Pinte, Christophe

N1 - Funding Information: We thank the anonymous referee for helpful suggestions that positively impacted the work. The authors thank Alison Young for providing details of her simulations. The three-body integrations in this work made use of the REBOUND code that can be downloaded freely from http://github.com/hannorein/rebound. Computer support was provided by UNLV?s National Supercomputing Center. We acknowledge the use of SPLASH (Price 2007) for the rendering of Figs 6, 9, 13, and 16 as well as PYMCFOST for Fig. 12. RN acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union?s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 681601) and subsequent support from UKRI/EPSRC through a Stephen Hawking Fellowship (EP/T017287/1). RD acknowledges the financial support provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. CP acknowledges funding from the Australian Research Council via FT170100040 and DP180104235. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2021/11/1

Y1 - 2021/11/1

N2 - GW Ori is a hierarchical triple star system with a misaligned circumtriple protoplanetary disc. Recent Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations have identified three dust rings with a prominent gap at 100 au and misalignments between each of the rings. A break in the gas disc may be driven by the torque from either the triple star system or a planet that is massive enough to carve a gap in the disc. Once the disc is broken, the rings nodally precess on different time-scales and become misaligned. We investigate the origins of the dust rings by means of N-body integrations and 3D hydrodynamic simulations. We find that for observationally motivated parameters of protoplanetary discs, the disc does not break due to the torque from the star system. We suggest that the presence of a massive planet (or planets) in the disc separates the inner and outer discs. We conclude that the disc breaking in GW Ori is likely caused by undetected planets – the first planet(s) in a circumtriple orbit.

AB - GW Ori is a hierarchical triple star system with a misaligned circumtriple protoplanetary disc. Recent Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations have identified three dust rings with a prominent gap at 100 au and misalignments between each of the rings. A break in the gas disc may be driven by the torque from either the triple star system or a planet that is massive enough to carve a gap in the disc. Once the disc is broken, the rings nodally precess on different time-scales and become misaligned. We investigate the origins of the dust rings by means of N-body integrations and 3D hydrodynamic simulations. We find that for observationally motivated parameters of protoplanetary discs, the disc does not break due to the torque from the star system. We suggest that the presence of a massive planet (or planets) in the disc separates the inner and outer discs. We conclude that the disc breaking in GW Ori is likely caused by undetected planets – the first planet(s) in a circumtriple orbit.

KW - Accretion

KW - Accretion discs

KW - Hydrodynamics

KW - Planet–disc interactions

KW - Stars: individual: GW Ori

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DO - 10.1093/mnras/stab2624

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85117076141

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 508

SP - 392

EP - 407

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 1

ER -

GW Ori: Circumtriple rings and planets

Abstract

Keywords

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Gaps, rings and holes in protoplanetary discs - signs of newborn planets?

Formation and evolution of planetary systems

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GW Ori: Circumtriple rings and planets

Abstract

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Projects

Gaps, rings and holes in protoplanetary discs - signs of newborn planets?

Formation and evolution of planetary systems

Cite this