@article{1b099f0995d54cb0af8bef8fa7f99ddf,
title = "Green land: Multiple perspectives on green algal evolution and the earliest land plants",
abstract = "Green plants, broadly defined as green algae and the land plants (together, Viridiplantae), constitute the primary eukaryotic lineage that successfully colonized Earth's emergent landscape. Members of various clades of green plants have independently made the transition from fully aquatic to subaerial habitats many times throughout Earth's history. The transition, from unicells or simple filaments to complex multicellular plant bodies with functionally differentiated tissues and organs, was accompanied by innovations built upon a genetic and phenotypic toolkit that have served aquatic green phototrophs successfully for at least a billion years. These innovations opened an enormous array of new, drier places to live on the planet and resulted in a huge diversity of land plants that have dominated terrestrial ecosystems over the past 500 million years. This review examines the greening of the land from several perspectives, from paleontology to phylogenomics, to water stress responses and the genetic toolkit shared by green algae and plants, to the genomic evolution of the sporophyte generation. We summarize advances on disparate fronts in elucidating this important event in the evolution of the biosphere and the lacunae in our understanding of it. We present the process not as a step-by-step advancement from primitive green cells to an inevitable success of embryophytes, but rather as a process of adaptations and exaptations that allowed multiple clades of green plants, with various combinations of morphological and physiological terrestrialized traits, to become diverse and successful inhabitants of the land habitats of Earth.",
keywords = "charophytes, desiccation stress response, green algal evolution, land plant phylogenomics, streptophytes, terrestrialization, zygnematophytes",
author = "McCourt, {Richard M.} and Lewis, {Louise A.} and Strother, {Paul K.} and Delwiche, {Charles F.} and Wickett, {Norman J.} and {de Vries}, Jan and Bowman, {John L.}",
note = "Funding Information: This paper is based on presentations by the coauthors at a symposium organized by R.M.M. at the annual meeting of the Botanical Society of America in Tucson, Arizona, in July 2019. We gratefully acknowledge travel support from the Botanical Society of America, the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, and the BSA Systematics Section. J.d.V. thanks the European Research Council for funding under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 852725; ERC‐StG “TerreStriAL”). J.d.V. is grateful for support through the German Research Foundation (DFG) within the framework of the Priority Programme “MAdLand – Molecular Adaptation to Land: Plant Evolution to Change” (SPP 2237; VR 132/4‐1). We thank Joseph Arsenault for the core sample containing the spore in Figure 1F . Alexandru M. F. Tomescu and an anonymous reviewer provided helpful criticisms of the manuscript. Support from the National Science Foundation is acknowledged for L.A.L. from DEB‐1541539, R. M. M. from DEB‐1036478, and C.F.D. from DEB‐1036506. Funding Information: This paper is based on presentations by the coauthors at a symposium organized by R.M.M. at the annual meeting of the Botanical Society of America in Tucson, Arizona, in July 2019. We gratefully acknowledge travel support from the Botanical Society of America, the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, and the BSA Systematics Section. J.d.V. thanks the European Research Council for funding under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 852725; ERC-StG “TerreStriAL”). J.d.V. is grateful for support through the German Research Foundation (DFG) within the framework of the Priority Programme “MAdLand – Molecular Adaptation to Land: Plant Evolution to Change” (SPP 2237; VR 132/4-1). We thank Joseph Arsenault for the core sample containing the spore in Figure 1F. Alexandru M. F. Tomescu and an anonymous reviewer provided helpful criticisms of the manuscript. Support from the National Science Foundation is acknowledged for L.A.L. from DEB-1541539, R. M. M. from DEB-1036478, and C.F.D. from DEB-1036506. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 Botanical Society of America.",
year = "2023",
month = may,
doi = "10.1002/ajb2.16175",
language = "English",
volume = "110",
journal = "American Journal of Botany",
issn = "0002-9122",
publisher = "Botanical Society of America",
number = "5",
}