Gravitational-wave Constraints on the Equatorial Ellipticity of Millisecond Pulsars

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration; Virgo Collaboration

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/abb655

Gravitational-wave Constraints on the Equatorial Ellipticity of Millisecond Pulsars

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration

School of Physics and Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer-review

73 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We present a search for continuous gravitational waves from five radio pulsars, comprising three recycled pulsars (PSR J0437-4715, PSR J0711-6830, and PSR J0737-3039A) and two young pulsars: the Crab pulsar (J0534+2200) and the Vela pulsar (J0835-4510). We use data from the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Virgo combined with data from their first and second observing runs. For the first time, we are able to match (for PSR J0437-4715) or surpass (for PSR J0711-6830) the indirect limits on gravitational-wave emission from recycled pulsars inferred from their observed spin-downs, and constrain their equatorial ellipticities to be less than 10-8. For each of the five pulsars, we perform targeted searches that assume a tight coupling between the gravitational-wave and electromagnetic signal phase evolution. We also present constraints on PSR J0711-6830, the Crab pulsar, and the Vela pulsar from a search that relaxes this assumption, allowing the gravitational-wave signal to vary from the electromagnetic expectation within a narrow band of frequencies and frequency derivatives.

Original language	English
Article number	L21
Number of pages	17
Journal	The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Volume	902
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/abb655
Publication status	Published - 10 Oct 2020

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10.3847/2041-8213/abb655Licence: CC BY

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@article{3ee17f02145f47548ecb3bd3149003a0,

title = "Gravitational-wave Constraints on the Equatorial Ellipticity of Millisecond Pulsars",

abstract = "We present a search for continuous gravitational waves from five radio pulsars, comprising three recycled pulsars (PSR J0437-4715, PSR J0711-6830, and PSR J0737-3039A) and two young pulsars: the Crab pulsar (J0534+2200) and the Vela pulsar (J0835-4510). We use data from the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Virgo combined with data from their first and second observing runs. For the first time, we are able to match (for PSR J0437-4715) or surpass (for PSR J0711-6830) the indirect limits on gravitational-wave emission from recycled pulsars inferred from their observed spin-downs, and constrain their equatorial ellipticities to be less than 10-8. For each of the five pulsars, we perform targeted searches that assume a tight coupling between the gravitational-wave and electromagnetic signal phase evolution. We also present constraints on PSR J0711-6830, the Crab pulsar, and the Vela pulsar from a search that relaxes this assumption, allowing the gravitational-wave signal to vary from the electromagnetic expectation within a narrow band of frequencies and frequency derivatives. ",

author = "R. Abbott and Abbott, {T. D.} and S. Abraham and F. Acernese and K. Ackley and A. Adams and C. Adams and Adhikari, {R. X.} and Adya, {V. B.} and C. Affeldt and M. Agathos and K. Agatsuma and N. Aggarwal and Aguiar, {O. D.} and L. Aiello and A. Ain and P. Ajith and G. Allen and A. Allocca and Altin, {P. A.} and A. Amato and S. Anand and A. Ananyeva and Anderson, {S. B.} and Anderson, {W. G.} and Angelova, {S. V.} and S. Ansoldi and Antelis, {J. M.} and S. Antier and S. Appert and K. Arai and Araya, {M. C.} and Areeda, {J. S.} and M. Ar{\`e}ne and N. Arnaud and Aronson, {S. M.} and Arun, {K. G.} and Y. Asali and S. Ascenzi and G. Ashton and Aston, {S. M.} and P. Astone and F. Aubin and P. Aufmuth and K. Aultoneal and C. Austin and V. Avendano and S. Babak and F. Badaracco and Bader, {M. K.M.} and S. Bae and Baer, {A. M.} and S. Bagnasco and M. Bailes and J. Baird and M. Ball and G. Ballardin and Ballmer, {S. W.} and A. Bals and A. Balsamo and G. Baltus and S. Banagiri and D. Bankar and Bankar, {R. S.} and Barayoga, {J. C.} and C. Barbieri and Barish, {B. C.} and D. Barker and P. Barneo and S. Barnum and F. Barone and B. Barr and L. Barsotti and M. Barsuglia and D. Barta and J. Bartlett and I. Bartos and R. Bassiri and A. Basti and M. Bawaj and Bayley, {J. C.} and M. Bazzan and Becher, {B. R.} and B. B{\'e}csy and Bedakihale, {V. M.} and M. Bejger and I. Belahcene and D. Beniwal and Benjamin, {M. G.} and Bennett, {T. F.} and Bentley, {J. D.} and F. Bergamin and Berger, {B. K.} and G. Bergmann and S. Bernuzzi and D. Bersanetti and A. Bertolini and J. Betzwieser and R. Bhandare and Bhandari, {A. V.} and D. Bhattacharjee and J. Bidler and Bilenko, {I. A.} and G. Billingsley and R. Birney and O. Birnholtz and S. Biscans and M. Bischi and S. Biscoveanu and A. Bisht and M. Bitossi and Bizouard, {M. A.} and Blackburn, {J. K.} and J. Blackman and Blair, {C. D.} and Blair, {D. G.} and Blair, {R. M.} and O. Blanch and F. Bobba and N. Bode and M. Boer and Y. Boetzel and G. Bogaert and M. Boldrini and F. Bondu and R. Bonnand and P. Booker and Boom, {B. A.} and R. Bork and V. Boschi and S. Bose and V. Bossilkov and V. Boudart and Y. Bouffanais and A. Bozzi and C. Bradaschia and Brady, {P. R.} and A. Bramley and M. Branchesi and Brau, {J. E.} and M. Breschi and T. Briant and Briggs, {J. H.} and F. Brighenti and A. Brillet and M. Brinkmann and P. Brockill and Brooks, {A. F.} and J. Brooks and Brown, {D. D.} and S. Brunett and G. Bruno and R. Bruntz and A. Buikema and T. Bulik and Bulten, {H. J.} and A. Buonanno and D. Buskulic and Byer, {R. L.} and M. Cabero and L. Cadonati and M. Caesar and G. Cagnoli and C. Cahillane and Bustillo, {J. Calder{\'o}n} and Callaghan, {J. D.} and Callister, {T. A.} and E. Calloni and Camp, {J. B.} and M. Canepa and Cannon, {K. C.} and H. Cao and J. Cao and G. Carapella and F. Carbognani and Carney, {M. F.} and M. Carpinelli and G. Carullo and Carver, {T. L.} and Diaz, {J. Casanueva} and C. Casentini and S. Caudill and M. Cavagli{\`a} and F. Cavalier and R. Cavalieri and G. Cella and P. Cerd{\'a}-Dur{\'a}n and E. Cesarini and W. Chaibi and K. Chakravarti and Chan, {C. L.} and C. Chan and K. Chandra and P. Chanial and S. Chao and P. Charlton and Chase, {E. A.} and E. Chassande-Mottin and D. Chatterjee and M. Chaturvedi and A. Chen and Chen, {H. Y.} and X. Chen and Y. Chen and Cheng, {H. P.} and Cheong, {C. K.} and Chia, {H. Y.} and F. Chiadini and R. Chierici and A. Chincarini and A. Chiummo and G. Cho and Cho, {H. S.} and M. Cho and S. Choate and N. Christensen and Q. Chu and S. Chua and Chung, {K. W.} and S. Chung and G. Ciani and P. Ciecielag and M. Cie{\'s}lar and M. Cifaldi and Ciobanu, {A. A.} and R. Ciolfi and F. Cipriano and A. Cirone and F. Clara and Clark, {E. N.} and Clark, {J. A.} and L. Clarke and P. Clearwater and S. Clesse and Easter, {P. J.} and S. Galaudage and B. Goncharov and Vivanco, {F. Hernandez} and H{\"u}bner, {M. T.} and Lasky, {P. D.} and Y. Levin and Meadors, {G. D.} and E. Payne and Romero-Shaw, {I. M.} and N. Sarin and Smith, {R. J.E.} and C. Talbot and E. Thrane and A. Vajpeyi and Zhu, {X. J.} and {The LIGO Scientific Collaboration} and {Virgo Collaboration}",

year = "2020",

month = oct,

day = "10",

doi = "10.3847/2041-8213/abb655",

language = "English",

volume = "902",

journal = "The Astrophysical Journal Letters",

issn = "2041-8205",

publisher = "IOP Publishing",

number = "1",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Gravitational-wave Constraints on the Equatorial Ellipticity of Millisecond Pulsars

AU - Abbott, R.

AU - Abbott, T. D.

AU - Abraham, S.

AU - Acernese, F.

AU - Ackley, K.

AU - Adams, A.

AU - Adams, C.

AU - Adhikari, R. X.

AU - Adya, V. B.

AU - Affeldt, C.

AU - Agathos, M.

AU - Agatsuma, K.

AU - Aggarwal, N.

AU - Aguiar, O. D.

AU - Aiello, L.

AU - Ain, A.

AU - Ajith, P.

AU - Allen, G.

AU - Allocca, A.

AU - Altin, P. A.

AU - Amato, A.

AU - Anand, S.

AU - Ananyeva, A.

AU - Anderson, S. B.

AU - Anderson, W. G.

AU - Angelova, S. V.

AU - Ansoldi, S.

AU - Antelis, J. M.

AU - Antier, S.

AU - Appert, S.

AU - Arai, K.

AU - Araya, M. C.

AU - Areeda, J. S.

AU - Arène, M.

AU - Arnaud, N.

AU - Aronson, S. M.

AU - Arun, K. G.

AU - Asali, Y.

AU - Ascenzi, S.

AU - Ashton, G.

AU - Aston, S. M.

AU - Astone, P.

AU - Aubin, F.

AU - Aufmuth, P.

AU - Aultoneal, K.

AU - Austin, C.

AU - Avendano, V.

AU - Babak, S.

AU - Badaracco, F.

AU - Bader, M. K.M.

AU - Bae, S.

AU - Baer, A. M.

AU - Bagnasco, S.

AU - Bailes, M.

AU - Baird, J.

AU - Ball, M.

AU - Ballardin, G.

AU - Ballmer, S. W.

AU - Bals, A.

AU - Balsamo, A.

AU - Baltus, G.

AU - Banagiri, S.

AU - Bankar, D.

AU - Bankar, R. S.

AU - Barayoga, J. C.

AU - Barbieri, C.

AU - Barish, B. C.

AU - Barker, D.

AU - Barneo, P.

AU - Barnum, S.

AU - Barone, F.

AU - Barr, B.

AU - Barsotti, L.

AU - Barsuglia, M.

AU - Barta, D.

AU - Bartlett, J.

AU - Bartos, I.

AU - Bassiri, R.

AU - Basti, A.

AU - Bawaj, M.

AU - Bayley, J. C.

AU - Bazzan, M.

AU - Becher, B. R.

AU - Bécsy, B.

AU - Bedakihale, V. M.

AU - Bejger, M.

AU - Belahcene, I.

AU - Beniwal, D.

AU - Benjamin, M. G.

AU - Bennett, T. F.

AU - Bentley, J. D.

AU - Bergamin, F.

AU - Berger, B. K.

AU - Bergmann, G.

AU - Bernuzzi, S.

AU - Bersanetti, D.

AU - Bertolini, A.

AU - Betzwieser, J.

AU - Bhandare, R.

AU - Bhandari, A. V.

AU - Bhattacharjee, D.

AU - Bidler, J.

AU - Bilenko, I. A.

AU - Billingsley, G.

AU - Birney, R.

AU - Birnholtz, O.

AU - Biscans, S.

AU - Bischi, M.

AU - Biscoveanu, S.

AU - Bisht, A.

AU - Bitossi, M.

AU - Bizouard, M. A.

AU - Blackburn, J. K.

AU - Blackman, J.

AU - Blair, C. D.

AU - Blair, D. G.

AU - Blair, R. M.

AU - Blanch, O.

AU - Bobba, F.

AU - Bode, N.

AU - Boer, M.

AU - Boetzel, Y.

AU - Bogaert, G.

AU - Boldrini, M.

AU - Bondu, F.

AU - Bonnand, R.

AU - Booker, P.

AU - Boom, B. A.

AU - Bork, R.

AU - Boschi, V.

AU - Bose, S.

AU - Bossilkov, V.

AU - Boudart, V.

AU - Bouffanais, Y.

AU - Bozzi, A.

AU - Bradaschia, C.

AU - Brady, P. R.

AU - Bramley, A.

AU - Branchesi, M.

AU - Brau, J. E.

AU - Breschi, M.

AU - Briant, T.

AU - Briggs, J. H.

AU - Brighenti, F.

AU - Brillet, A.

AU - Brinkmann, M.

AU - Brockill, P.

AU - Brooks, A. F.

AU - Brooks, J.

AU - Brown, D. D.

AU - Brunett, S.

AU - Bruno, G.

AU - Bruntz, R.

AU - Buikema, A.

AU - Bulik, T.

AU - Bulten, H. J.

AU - Buonanno, A.

AU - Buskulic, D.

AU - Byer, R. L.

AU - Cabero, M.

AU - Cadonati, L.

AU - Caesar, M.

AU - Cagnoli, G.

AU - Cahillane, C.

AU - Bustillo, J. Calderón

AU - Callaghan, J. D.

AU - Callister, T. A.

AU - Calloni, E.

AU - Camp, J. B.

AU - Canepa, M.

AU - Cannon, K. C.

AU - Cao, H.

AU - Cao, J.

AU - Carapella, G.

AU - Carbognani, F.

AU - Carney, M. F.

AU - Carpinelli, M.

AU - Carullo, G.

AU - Carver, T. L.

AU - Diaz, J. Casanueva

AU - Casentini, C.

AU - Caudill, S.

AU - Cavaglià, M.

AU - Cavalier, F.

AU - Cavalieri, R.

AU - Cella, G.

AU - Cerdá-Durán, P.

AU - Cesarini, E.

AU - Chaibi, W.

AU - Chakravarti, K.

AU - Chan, C. L.

AU - Chan, C.

AU - Chandra, K.

AU - Chanial, P.

AU - Chao, S.

AU - Charlton, P.

AU - Chase, E. A.

AU - Chassande-Mottin, E.

AU - Chatterjee, D.

AU - Chaturvedi, M.

AU - Chen, A.

AU - Chen, H. Y.

AU - Chen, X.

AU - Chen, Y.

AU - Cheng, H. P.

AU - Cheong, C. K.

AU - Chia, H. Y.

AU - Chiadini, F.

AU - Chierici, R.

AU - Chincarini, A.

AU - Chiummo, A.

AU - Cho, G.

AU - Cho, H. S.

AU - Cho, M.

AU - Choate, S.

AU - Christensen, N.

AU - Chu, Q.

AU - Chua, S.

AU - Chung, K. W.

AU - Chung, S.

AU - Ciani, G.

AU - Ciecielag, P.

AU - Cieślar, M.

AU - Cifaldi, M.

AU - Ciobanu, A. A.

AU - Ciolfi, R.

AU - Cipriano, F.

AU - Cirone, A.

AU - Clara, F.

AU - Clark, E. N.

AU - Clark, J. A.

AU - Clarke, L.

AU - Clearwater, P.

AU - Clesse, S.

AU - Easter, P. J.

AU - Galaudage, S.

AU - Goncharov, B.

AU - Vivanco, F. Hernandez

AU - Hübner, M. T.

AU - Lasky, P. D.

AU - Levin, Y.

AU - Meadors, G. D.

AU - Payne, E.

AU - Romero-Shaw, I. M.

AU - Sarin, N.

AU - Smith, R. J.E.

AU - Talbot, C.

AU - Thrane, E.

AU - Vajpeyi, A.

AU - Zhu, X. J.

AU - The LIGO Scientific Collaboration

AU - Virgo Collaboration

PY - 2020/10/10

Y1 - 2020/10/10

N2 - We present a search for continuous gravitational waves from five radio pulsars, comprising three recycled pulsars (PSR J0437-4715, PSR J0711-6830, and PSR J0737-3039A) and two young pulsars: the Crab pulsar (J0534+2200) and the Vela pulsar (J0835-4510). We use data from the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Virgo combined with data from their first and second observing runs. For the first time, we are able to match (for PSR J0437-4715) or surpass (for PSR J0711-6830) the indirect limits on gravitational-wave emission from recycled pulsars inferred from their observed spin-downs, and constrain their equatorial ellipticities to be less than 10-8. For each of the five pulsars, we perform targeted searches that assume a tight coupling between the gravitational-wave and electromagnetic signal phase evolution. We also present constraints on PSR J0711-6830, the Crab pulsar, and the Vela pulsar from a search that relaxes this assumption, allowing the gravitational-wave signal to vary from the electromagnetic expectation within a narrow band of frequencies and frequency derivatives.

AB - We present a search for continuous gravitational waves from five radio pulsars, comprising three recycled pulsars (PSR J0437-4715, PSR J0711-6830, and PSR J0737-3039A) and two young pulsars: the Crab pulsar (J0534+2200) and the Vela pulsar (J0835-4510). We use data from the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Virgo combined with data from their first and second observing runs. For the first time, we are able to match (for PSR J0437-4715) or surpass (for PSR J0711-6830) the indirect limits on gravitational-wave emission from recycled pulsars inferred from their observed spin-downs, and constrain their equatorial ellipticities to be less than 10-8. For each of the five pulsars, we perform targeted searches that assume a tight coupling between the gravitational-wave and electromagnetic signal phase evolution. We also present constraints on PSR J0711-6830, the Crab pulsar, and the Vela pulsar from a search that relaxes this assumption, allowing the gravitational-wave signal to vary from the electromagnetic expectation within a narrow band of frequencies and frequency derivatives.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85094187474&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/2041-8213/abb655

DO - 10.3847/2041-8213/abb655

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85094187474

SN - 2041-8205

VL - 902

JO - The Astrophysical Journal Letters

JF - The Astrophysical Journal Letters

IS - 1

M1 - L21

ER -

Gravitational-wave Constraints on the Equatorial Ellipticity of Millisecond Pulsars

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