TY - JOUR
T1 - Graphene functionalisations
T2 - conserving vitrimer properties towards nanoparticles recovery using mild dissolution
AU - Poutrel, Quentin-Arthur
AU - Baghdadi, Yasmine
AU - Souvignet, Aline
AU - Gresil, Matthieu
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank the Aerospace Research Institute for its financial support. Dr Ben Spencer for its knowledge and support towards XPS data analysis and Harry Coppock for its preliminary work towards the recycling methodology developed in this paper.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/11/10
Y1 - 2021/11/10
N2 - Graphene epoxy nanocomposites are highly investigated for the potential to combine properties of the polymer matrix and nanofillers. Epoxy vitrimer presents many advantages compared to traditional epoxy thermoset such as stress relaxation and recycling capacity. Hence, this study explores the effect of graphitic nanoparticles on an epoxy vitrimer formulation and potential to recover those from the crosslinked structure by mild dissolution. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and silane bearing epoxy functionalised graphene nanoplatelets (GPTS-GO) are added to the vitrimer at 0.1, 0.5 and 1 wt % loading. Evolution in tensile properties and XRD reveal that nanoparticles bond with the vitrimer matrix when having functionality (GO, rGO and GPTS-GO). Overall, an improvement of tensile mechanical properties is reported while remaining chemically crosslinked and achieving complete relaxation. The vitrimer properties are then exploited to recover nanoparticles via a simple dissolution/washing method. Chemical investigation (XPS, RAMAN, and XRD) of recovered particles shows no traces of polymer. Nonetheless, few chemical changes are observed: nanoparticles with low functionality (GNP and rGO) received additional hydroxyl functions after recycling. Reversibly, highly functionalised particles (GO and GPTS-GO) undergo cleaving of functional units during the extraction process.
AB - Graphene epoxy nanocomposites are highly investigated for the potential to combine properties of the polymer matrix and nanofillers. Epoxy vitrimer presents many advantages compared to traditional epoxy thermoset such as stress relaxation and recycling capacity. Hence, this study explores the effect of graphitic nanoparticles on an epoxy vitrimer formulation and potential to recover those from the crosslinked structure by mild dissolution. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and silane bearing epoxy functionalised graphene nanoplatelets (GPTS-GO) are added to the vitrimer at 0.1, 0.5 and 1 wt % loading. Evolution in tensile properties and XRD reveal that nanoparticles bond with the vitrimer matrix when having functionality (GO, rGO and GPTS-GO). Overall, an improvement of tensile mechanical properties is reported while remaining chemically crosslinked and achieving complete relaxation. The vitrimer properties are then exploited to recover nanoparticles via a simple dissolution/washing method. Chemical investigation (XPS, RAMAN, and XRD) of recovered particles shows no traces of polymer. Nonetheless, few chemical changes are observed: nanoparticles with low functionality (GNP and rGO) received additional hydroxyl functions after recycling. Reversibly, highly functionalised particles (GO and GPTS-GO) undergo cleaving of functional units during the extraction process.
KW - Graphene and other 2D-materials
KW - Nano composites
KW - Polymers
KW - Recycling
KW - Vitrimer
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85116491466&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.compscitech.2021.109072
DO - 10.1016/j.compscitech.2021.109072
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85116491466
SN - 0266-3538
VL - 216
JO - Composites Science and Technology
JF - Composites Science and Technology
M1 - 109072
ER -